Re: OT: Malhi, Eshleman, haplogroup A, language, time, and direction.....

From: Lee Olsen (paleocity_at_hotmail.com)
Date: 03/24/05 

Date: 23 Mar 2005 17:14:34 -0800

G Horvat wrote:
> Lee,
> Another way of putting it is that haplogroup A is found in its
highest
> frequencies where other New World haplogroups are absent. Both of
> these articles, which I don't think I've read yet, relate to
> northwestern and western North America. Haplogroup A is also found
in
> fairly healthy frequencies such as 30% in South American populations

Would these be considered 'coastal' people or 'inland' people? I don't
mean exactly, but more or less in a broad sense.

> in conjunction with haplogroups which are less common in North &
> Central America.
  It is certainly not restricted to the NaDenes and
> Inuit, although, by my postings, one might think so. I usually bring
> up these two populations because there is less clutter (less
> haplogroups to bother with).
>
> With regards to the frequency of haplogroup A in eastern North
> America, Malhi et al. (2002) wrote:
>
> "As shown in Table 1, all populations exhibit moderate-to-high
> frequencies of haplogroup A, except the two Cherokee populations."
>
> "moderate-to-high frequencies" mean 27.5% in the Wisconsin Chippewa
> who also had a 29% frequency of haplogroup X to 57.7% in the Mohawk
> and 64.3% in another Ojibwa population which mainly only had
> haplogroups A & X.
>
> In Asia, haplogroup A is found at least as far south as Burma.
>
> Gisele
>
> On 23 Mar 2005 07:13:15 -0800, "Lee Olsen" <paleocity@hotmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> >Human Biology, February 2004, v.76, no.1, pp. 33-75
> >
> >Malhi, et al.
> >Abstract: The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups of 54
full-blooded
> >modern and 64 ancient Native Americans from northwestern North
America
> >were determined. The control regions of 10 modern and 30 ancient
> >individuals were sequenced and compared. Within the Northwest, the
> >frequency distribution for haplogroup A is geographically
structured,
> >with haplogroup A decreasing with distance from the Pacific Coast.
The
> >haplogroup A distribution suggests that a prehistoric population
> >intrusion from the subarctic and coastal region occurred on the
> >Columbia Plateau in prehistoric times. Overall, the mtDNA pattern in
> >the Northwest suggests significant amounts of gene flow among
Northwest
> >Coast, Columbia Plateau, and Great Basin populations.
> >
> >
> >Eshleman, et al.
> >Abstract: We analyzed previously reported mtDNA haplogroup
frequencies
> >of 577 individuals and hypervariable segment 1 (HVS1) sequences of
265
> >individuals from Native American tribes in western North America to
> >test hypotheses regarding the settlement of this region. These data
> >were analyzed to determine whether Hokan and Penutian, two
hypothesized
> >ancient linguistic stocks, represent biological units as a result of
> >shared ancestry within these respective groups. Although the pattern
of
> >mtDNA variation suggests regional continuity and although gene flow
> >between populations has contributed much to the genetic landscape of
> >western North America, some evidence supports the existence of both
the
> >Hokan and Penutian phyla. In addition, a comparison between coastal
and
> >inland populations along the west coast of North America suggests an
> >ancient coastal migration to the New World. Similarly high levels of
> >haplogroup A among coastal populations in the Northwest and along
the
> >California coast as well as shared HVS1 sequences indicate that
early
> >migrants to the New World settled along the coast with little gene
flow
> >into the interior valleys.
> >
> >http://wsupress.wayne.edu/journals/humanbio761.htm

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