Re: Morphological evidence of marine adaptations in human kidneys

r norman:
>Mario Petrinovich:
>>r norman:
>>>Mario Petrinovich:
>>>> I don't understand why it would be so good to put salt on food.
>>>> This is the deal. As I said, it alters the taste of food. If you
>>>> put
>>>>salt on your food, then your food is salty. I said, why don't you put
>>>>salt
>>>>on your fruits. Doesn't it have better taste being salty? You have the
>>>>means to put salt on your fruits, and STILL you don't do it.
>>>
>>> Your own personal experience with salt seems to be the exception among
>>> the human species. The general tendency is to eat salt, to add salt
>>> to food, and to select salty foods. That is an adaptation to
>>> freshwater existence -- marine mammals tend to avoid salt.
>>
>> Why?
>>
>>> As to fruits, you have already been told that many people DO add salt
>>> to fruit. I have just looked in a cookbook and found that a
>>> significant number of fruit-based desserts include salt in the recipe
>>> -- citrus jellos (gelatines) and sauces, plum pudding, even fruit
>>> favored ice cream! Then, of course, salt is an almost universal
>>> ingredient in recipes based on tomato, pepper, eggplant, squash and
>>> many other items all of which are fruits!
>>
>> Hm, what is fruit? Tomato? Pepper? I don't understand the word of
>>what you are saying. It must be that I am stupid. -- Mario
>
> Marine vertebrates have body fluids significantly less salty than sea
> water. As a result, if they drink sea water or if they eat marine
> invertebrates or marine algae (both of which have body fluids the same
> salinity as sea water) their bodies become hyperosmotic. Therefore
> they must find some way of eliminating salt without eliminating water.
> Mammals can produce very concentrated urine, other vertebrates can't
> and produce very small urine volumes but have extra-renal salt
> excreting glands. Since their bodies are already overstuffed with
> salt, these animals certainly would avoid extra salt in their food.
> (Note: Chondrichthyes like sharks work a bit differently but the
> general statement applies to virtually all bony fish, reptiles,
> birds, and mammals.)
>
> Freshwater vertebrates have body fluids significantly more salty than
> their environment. They lose both water and salt through many
> activities and hence tend to drink water and eat salt. They have good
> access to lots of water but little access to salt. Hence they drink
> abundantly and have kidneys that produce a large volume of dilute
> urine, retaining the salt. They also tend to have salt craving,
> specifically selecting salty foods when possible or eating mineral
> salt when possible.
>
> Vertebrates living in very arid terrestrial environments have mixed
> problems. They must conserve water, just as do marine vertebrates,
> and hence must produce very little urine. Adaptations to arid
> environments are likely to produce similar kidney adaptations as
> adaptations to marine environments but distinctly different from
> adaptations to freshwater environments.

Ok. Now, do you know, maybe, how animals that feed on shellfish
react?
Also, on what ways freshwater vertebrates lose salt, and on what
ways we are losing salt?
Then, what about fruits? Why we don't salt fruits? -- Mario


.

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