Re: Alaska on 'Ancient' maps

From: t(nospam)kavanagh (_at_(nospam)indiana.edu)
Date: 06/28/04 

Date: Mon, 28 Jun 2004 15:57:37 -0500

Inger E Johansson wrote:
>
> Tom,
> if you think that Dee outweight Professors of Carthography then you are out
> of your mind.
> That doesn't say that Dee's arguments,
> which haven't been presented aren't worth listning to,
> only that Carthography isn't at all like working with old documents.
> You have to either had studied Carthography, which some has had courses of
> in their Geography resp. Geology studies or worked with it so long that you
> are used to draw maps yourself. You need to have a good Mathematic knowledge
> of how an area on a globe can and have been presented under different
> projections over the years.
> In other words you will at least have skills to be able to work with
> following types of projection:
> * Normal projection (usually used on maps of Arctic resp Antarctic)
>
> * Mid-point-correct projection. Today mostly used for polarprojections. In
> older days also used on 'normal' maps. The problem here is that the drawned
> carthographed areas in the ouhter-parts of the map,
> in other word if the mid-point on the map is in focus I refer to the upper
> left, upper right, lower left and lower right parts, where the angle will
> show approx. 10% default value.
>
> * Transversell projection. Normally used today when you are to show
> direction and distance between geo-stationary communication satelite's orbit
> related to the land/ocean on Earth under. Was partly combined with Mid-point
> correct projections by some of the older carthographers.
>
> * Slanting projection. Today usually the type of projection you see on a
> radar-screen. In the old time, heavens know why, some polar areas on old map
> are drawn that way. So is at least one sea-chart of 15th century that I know
> of.
>
> I haven't included later projections such as Lambert's or Miller's in the
> Azimutal projection types in this list. They aren't to my knowledge found in
> major Ancient or Medieval Maps.
>
> Regarding the Cone-projection types one need to know that today as well as
> in older days that type of projection which to be exact is a raw of conic
> strips normally is used on maps where some kind of topographic maps are the
> usage the map is made for.
>
> Then you have Mercator's projection. Used since 1569 on sea-charts and maps
> where the Oceans are on as well as land. The area-default on this type of
> projected map can't be anything but bisarr on northern latitudes.
> Thus a map, which often occured, combining Mercator's projection with one of
> the others - will show effects that some of you refer to on map discussed.
>
> I haven't taken Peter's projection into the discussion, it's as far as I
> know not used before Modern Age in major worldmap's editions.
>
> On top of it we also have the old konventional projections.... that we must
> remember when analysing a map.
> But we are fortunate or unfortunate, depending your own point of view, not
> to have to take Van Der Grinten's projection into consideration when
> discussing the maps I put forward....
>
> Inger E
>

see:
http://www.progonos.com/furuti/MapProj/Normal/ProjTbl/projTbl.html

tk

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