CORRECTED ASTRO-CHRONOLOGICAL TIMELINE FOR NEAR EAST
- From: "larswilson" <wilsonl035@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2005 15:11:13 GMT
New coordinated archaeological and esoteric historical references now
combine to correct the current Judeo-Historical Timeline. The corrected key
dates are as follows:
Biblical Chronology Updates:
29 CE Jesus' baptism, end of 69 weeks, 29CE
455 BCE Beginning of 70 weeks prophecy, 1st of Cyrus
525 BCE Last deportation (Josephus) 70 years from rebuilding, 23rd of Neb2
(Jer. 52:40)
529 BCE Nebuchadnezzar destroys Jerusalem.
Eclipse Redating Updates: Assyrian eponym solar eclipse redated from 763BCE
to 709BCE
799 BCE Battle of Qarqar, corrected from 853BCE (minus 54 years)
871 BCE Invasion by Shishak corrected from 925 BCE (minus 54 years)
871 BCE 5th of Rehoboam/39th of Solomon (6-year co-rulership,
Solomon/Rehoboam)
870 BCE End of Solomon's reign
906 BCE Solomon begins first temple in his 4th year (870+36=906)
1386 BCE EXODUS, 480 years from 906BCE
ARACHAEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF CORRECTED TIMELINE:
1. Solomon's building at Jerusalem downdated from 52-56 years more
compatible with archaeological dating.
2. Exodus dated to 1386BCE corresponds with beginning of Akhenaton's reign
and explains his monotheistic obsession after
experiencing 10 plauges
3. Downdating 19th of Nebuchadnezzar from 587BCE to 529BCE has little
"relative history" consequence archaeologically,
but challenges the "absolute" dating in astronomical texts. Some
astronomical texts containing cryptic double-dating to original
chronology support this dating (i.e. VAT4956 double dates year 37 of
Nebuchadnezzar both to 568BCE and 511BCE, and the Strm.
Kambyses 400 dates "year 7" of Nebuchadnezzar to 541BCE, both consistent
with fall of Jerusalem in 529BCE and thus confirms original dating).
4. An 82-year reduction in the Persian Period is not problematic because of
lack of archaeological evidence supporting the expanded Persian Period
(i.e. Persepolis begun in 4th year of Darius only estabalishes a 2-year
investment by him before his death, the incompleted buildings begun by him
being forced to be completed by Xerxes. Xerxes changed his identity to
Artaxerxes and pretended he was his own son but was still buried at
Naqshi-Rustam between Darius I and Darius II. The tomb ascribed to "Xerxes"
is newer than the original three tombs for Darius I, Artaxerxes I and Darius
II; this is so obvious some archaeologists not knowing better presumed
Xerxes was buried between Darius I and Darius II.) Thus the later Persian
Period depends heavily upon Greek historical reference which plays both
sides of the fence historically and easily collapses the extra 82 years.
The Biblical chronology has always represented a much shorter Persian Period
(i.e. Nehemiah's return with Zerubbabel and living down to the reign of
Darius II requires his age to be over 143 years vs mid-90's if he was 30
years of age when Xerxes (who was Artaxerxes) was born in the 1st of
Cyrus--Xerxes was 59 years when he died (455-424BCE).
GREEK ASTRONOMICAL REDATING:
The most critical redating via astronomical reference of Greek events
affecting Persian dating is the famous Peloponnesian War eclipse event that
experts confirm could not have occurred in 431BCE as described, which
requires a total eclipse event at Athens. A total eclipse event in early
402BCE is used to redate the Peloponnesian War to 403BCE. Artaxerxes' death
after 41 years is dated to 396BCE and thus his rule begins in 437BCE. Since
Xerxes and Artaxerxes were the same king, this means that Artaxerxes, who
was 18 when he began to rule was born in 455BCE, the corrected 1st year of
Cyrus. This explains the historical reference that Xerxes was born the same
year his "father became king" which was a significant reference to his being
chosen king over this older brothers. The true significance was he was born
after Cyrus became king of Persia and a new dynasty established; Xerxes was
the grandson of Cyrus. Evidence at Persepolis shows Xerxes was already an
adult in the 4th year of Darius when he began building the city with Xerxes.
(2) This redating dates the invasion of Xerxes of Greece and the Battle of
Salamis to 424BCE since a 30-year peace ends in year 10 of the PPW
(394BCE). This in turn dates the battle of Marathon 10 years earlier to
434BCE. Per esoteric reference in Herodotus, Darius I dies at Marathon this
year at the hands of the Athenians, sparking the later invasion by Xerxes.
Darius dath in 434BCE is Biblically correct per Ezra 6:14,15 which
establishes that Darius died in his 6th year followed by "Artaxerxes" on the
throne the same year. This was the same year the temple was completed 21
years after it began. 21 plus 434BCE =455BCE, the 1st of Cyrus already
established by several other alternative dating methods.
"NEW CHRONOLOGY" REDATING OF AKHENATON VIA KTU 1.78:
Finally, the year of the Exodus can apparently be dated via the vague
astronomical text, KTU 1.78 mentioning an eclipse event in the 12th of
Akhenaton. New Chronology attempts to date this eclipse event in 1012BCE
moving the Amarna Period down several hundred years. However, the Egyptian
influence of astronomy is ignored. The Egyptian reading of the text
established the specific hour of the eclipse as the 6th (between 5am-6am)
and confirms the eclipse was in progress at sunrise. The reference to
"Reshep" in the text becomes the "Bull of Heaven" per Egyptian reference and
thus a reference to the zodiac contellation of Taurus vs Mars per "New
Chronology." This event is relative to Taurus since the sun was in Taurus
at the time of this eclipse in Yyaru (April-May). The sunrsie eclipse,
however, eliminates the 1012BCE reference completely since that eclipse
occurred near sunset. The ONLY POSSIBLE REFERENCE is thus 1375BCE for the
12th of Akhenaton which is when this eclipse event is normally dated per
conventional chronology. That dates the 1st of Akhenaton to 1386BCE.
Akhenaton's very focussed conversion to monothesim and worship of a god that
had no image is consistent with his experiencing the 10 plagues and
beginning to worsihp the Jewish god YHWH whom he dubbed as "Aten". That
being the case, the 1st year of Akhenaton should be within a year or so of
the Exodus, which per redating of the Assyrian eponym eclipse dates the
Exodus in 1386BCE (480 years from 906BCE, the 4th of Solomon). Of course,
it's the same year; 1375+11=1386BCE. Thus the corrected redating of the KTU
1.78 astrotext for the 12th of Akhenaton in 1375BCE his historically
consistent with the corrected Biblical and astronomical redated timeline and
agrees with the convenational dating of Akhenaton during this period rather
than much later.
.
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