KTU 1.78 dates Akhenaton/Exodus to 1386BCE
- From: "larswilson" <wilsonl035@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Fri, 06 May 2005 20:49:03 GMT
Hello Jonathan Wade, in reference to your KTU comment at
http://members.aol.com/Ian%20Wade/Waste/KTU178.html
You note...
The day the new moon of Hiyaru was put to shame as the sun (goddess) set
with Rashap as her gate-keeper.
A better translation follows.
The day of the moon of Hiyaru was put to shame: the sun
went in, (with) her gate(keeper), Rashap [Mars?].
The text is:
BTT.YM.HDT.HYR
RBT.SHPH.TGRH.RSP
My contention is that Ugarit did not have a formal astronomy program and an
Egypian-trained administrator-coordinator actually created the text using
Egyptian astronomical reference and thus this text is translated based on
Egyptian options thus.
The first sense is simply the specifics of time and date of the ecipse thus:
BTT = 6th The sixth *hour*. The Egyptians had a concept of 12 hours of the
day that began at Midnight. Thus the sixth hour would have been from 5am to
6am.
RBT HDT HYR = Day of the New Moon of Hiyarru.
Line 1 would thus simply refer to "hour six, day of the new moon of Hiyaru"
Line 2:
RBT = enter
SHPH = Sun
TGRH = *her* gate
The above reference to "Enter the sun through her gate" would be the
Egyptian reference to sunrise. The sun rose when the entered through the
gate of Hathor, the sun goddess who is represented as giving birth to the
sun every morning. Of note the sun traveled through twelve "gates" thus the
concept of a "gate" and the movement of the sun is very Egyptian and perhaps
uniquely Egyptian. But this also helps us understand the "sixth hour"
reference since the sixth hour would have been between 5am and 6am and thus
at the time of sunrise. Thus this reference reflects an eclipse in progress
at sunrise.
RSP = Reshep - Reshep in the adoptiv Egtypian pantheon was the "Lord of
Heaven" or "Bull of Heaven" a reference to Taurus. The sun does dwell in
Taurus during the month of Hiyaru and this would be a very fundamental
reference for any eclipse event reflecting "location" of the sun at the time
of the ecipse. Thus you have a reference to the specifics of this eclipse
here as to time (hour), date, and location. The very basics.
Therefore, a more responsible reading for this reference would simply be the
particulars of an eclipse event that occurred between 5am and 6am with the
sun rising in Taurus.
If we presume that perhaps the surface of this text was charred because the
text was out either drying or perhaps on some table under current
consideration and the fire that caused this was the same one mentioned to
Akhenaton in his 12th year, which is reasonable though not the only
explanation, then you potentially have a circumstantial marker for the 12th
of Akhenaton in the only eclipse date possible which is 1375BCE. This is the
year an ecilpse occurred during sunrise between 5am and 6am and the only
eclipse that does so.
Based upon the SBT (strict Biblical timeline) which uses extensive Biblical
reference for a timeline that ignores all conflicting extra-Biblical
references (ala "The Romance of Biblical Chronology" by Martin Anstey), the
Exodus is dated to 1386BCE based upon the 19th jubilee from 455BCE which
dates the 1st of Cyrus (Martin Anstey proposed that the Persian Period was
82 years too long, 357BCE455BCE for first of Cyrus). Jubilees are every 49
years; 49 x 19=931+455=1386). This means that Akhenaton's first year
(1375+11=1386BC) falls at the time of the Exodus. Considering this and
placing Akhenaton in the context of the king that ruled after the Exodus we
note a few interesting things.
1. He was not the first-born son, so would not have died.
2. He dismissed all the gods of Egypt as "worthless" which was part of the
intent of the ten plagues. One of the Ten Commandments required outlawing
the worship of any other gods.
3. He focussed on a new, single god, represented by light but refused to
make an image of the god, which was one of the ten commandments, not to make
an image of YHWH.
4. Akhenaton had a phobi of darkness, but not simple darkness, complete
darkness in the absence of artificial light. Night is not that fearful if
you have a torch so why the panic? During the three days of darkness though,
no artificial light was possible so it was total darkness which is a basis
for the fear factor of being in the dark without any light that Akhenaton
wrote about and thus focussed on Aten being a God of light versus darkness.
5. Further, the usual dating for Akhenaton is around this general time
period anyway and he would have become along with his father Amenhotep III
the pharoahsof the Exodus with the Biblical timeline dating the Exodus in
1386BCE. The eclipse only improves his chronology by moving his first year
by a mere 8 years.
L. Wilson
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