Re: Homo erectus, city dweller and sailor

veritas wrote:
On Sep 11, 3:18 am, veritas <khogan...@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:

<snip for space>

Tom,
I will start with a few, stop and do another as this takes to long.
I have studied world history, human history, religions, philosophy,
logic, and psychology for forty years. (Obviously not dinosaurs as
well!)
From all thes studies I observed things that did not fit into the
puzzle of human history as told by historians. They like neatness,
and tend to throw pieces that don't fit aside.

This is not my experience. In my experience, historians (and, germane to this ng, archaeologists and their scientific cohorts) love puzzles. Their love of neatness, to the extent it exists in RL(tm), comes in the process of fitting new pieces into place, even if (in many cases, especially if) it requires the entire re-arrangement of all the other known pieces.

The first thing that caught my attention was that the effects of the
eruption of Mt. Toba approx. 71,000 B.C.E. was the second largest
eruption known in the last 450 million years and yet had been ignored
in any studies in the development of human history.

Just a quick Google Scholar (and not claiming that this is exhaustive):

Rampino MR, Self S., "Bottleneck in human evolution and the Toba eruption", Science. 1993 Dec 24;262(5142):1955.

http://tinyurl.com/ypljo4 (PubMed citation only)

F.J. Gathorne-Hardy, W.E.H. Harcourt-Smith, "The super-eruption of Toba, did it cause a human bottleneck?", Journal of Human Evolution 45 (2003) 227–230.

http://tinyurl.com/2ctyjv (full text, .pdf)

Stanley H. Ambrose, "Did the super-eruption of Toba cause a human population bottleneck? Reply to Gathorne-Hardy and Harcourt-Smith", Journal of Human Evolution 45 (2003) 231–237.

http://tinyurl.com/yr6lpe (full text, .pdf)

Osbjorn M. Pearson, "Has the combination of genetic and fossil evidence solved the riddle of modern human origins?", Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 13, Issue 4 , Pages 145 - 159,
Published Online: 29 Jul 2004

http://tinyurl.com/2v6j8s (abstract only)

John H. Relethford, Henry C. Harpending, "Ancient Differences in Population Size Can Mimic a Recent African Origin of Modern Humans", Current Anthropology, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Aug. - Oct., 1995), pp. 667-674

http://tinyurl.com/yulwax (JSTOR first page, citation)

Michael Petraglia, Ravi Korisettar, Nicole Boivin, Christopher Clarkson, Peter Ditchfield, Sacha Jones, Jinu Koshy, Marta Mirazón Lahr, Clive Oppenheimer, David Pyle, Richard Roberts, Jean-Luc Schwenninger, Lee Arnold,8 Kevin White, "Middle Paleolithic Assemblages from the Indian Subcontinent Before and After the Toba Super-Eruption", Science 6 July 2007:
Vol. 317. no. 5834, pp. 114 - 116

http://tinyurl.com/2youkh (abstract)

There are many more, but this ought to be enough to be going on with.

From the study of Neanderthals, and erectus, the fact that we replaced
them all had reasons behind it, but nobody would speculate, not even a
hypothosis.

You have been misinformed. This is a hot item in physical and archaeological anthropology, with many, many speculations, and much work based on those speculations.

I may be misunderstanding you here, because your statement, as I understand it, is so completely wrong on its face that I have to check if you really mean that no scientist would speculate on why, after ca. 28 kya, there appears to be only one species of Homo (with the possible exception of Flores) on Earth.

Is that really what you meant?

If so, what led you to that wildly mistaken idea?

I had, out of interest in history studied all those
things and came up with one of my own.
When Mt. Toba erupted, the world was thrown into five or six years of
winter. For hunter-gathererers that is a catastrophic event. There
is little to hunt and almost nothing to receive carbs from. The
estimates at the time (five years ago) were that 75% of the animals
died on the plant in this event.

75% of all individual animals, or 75% of all animal species (or other level taxon)?

And does this include marine species as well?

The estimate was also made that the Earth went into a 1,000 year
instant ice age. That would have been hard enough on living
creatures, and survival for hunter-gatherers would have been almost
impossible. Thenthe instant ice age was followed up by a 19,000 year
ice age to make life even harder. Ice core samples taken and charted
have confirmed these temperature changes.

ITYM ice advances, not ice ages. The most recent (and possibly--probably--current) ice age has been going on for ca. 4 million years.

Then in 2001 when the gene map (Developing a haplotye Map of the Human
Genome noted that from all the samples taken all over the world, they
could make up one map and it would serve every human on the planet,
except for a couple of tribes in Africa. They thought that very
strange at the time. As I had studied the migration patterns of
modern humans out of Africa over to Asia, noting the coastlines were
always the paths, the idea came that it was because there was no one
in their way. I'll leave it here for shortness sake and finish on
another post. Regards, Ken
.

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