77 mares
- From: Peter Alaca <p.alaca@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Tue, 29 Apr 2008 17:13:21 +0200
Marsha Levine (2006)
mtDNA and horse domestication: the archaeologist’s cut
In: Marjan Mashkour (ed), Equids in Time and Space.
Papers in Honour of Véra Eisenmann. Oxford. pp 192-201
www.arch.cam.ac.uk/~ml12/download/chap_15_Levine.pdf
Although there are controversial claims
for horse domestication as early as 4500
BC, even by 3000 BC there is no direct
evidence. The earliest undisputed date is
c. 2000 BC, with the chariot burials of
the Sintashta-Petrovka culture on the
Ural steppe. By the mid 2nd millennium BC
burial, textual and iconographic evidence
shows that domestic horses (associated
with chariots) were also known in the
Near East, Egypt and Greece and by 1250
BC they had reached China.
Summary
This paper examines the results of recent
genetics research into the origins of horse
domestication from an archaeological
perspective. Archaeological, ethological and
historical data, used in conjunction with
the results of an analysis of the largest
available horse mtDNA sequence database,
allows us to take interpretation one step
further than previous studies.
Ethological and archaeological
considerations suggest that the earliest
origins of the domestication of the horse
may have been both temporally and spatially
restricted. However, the mtDNA results show
that mares from at least 77 separate
lineages contributed to the modern genetic
pool. This suggests that, as the original
domesticated population expanded, horses
from wild populations were introduced into
the domestic herds.
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p.a.
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