Re: The sun energy source is not nuclear fusion, but magnetic fields from the center of the Galaxy. The sun converts energy to mass and not mass to energy.

dan@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx wrote:

To read more download the document here:
http://www.pixelphase.com/sun/sun.pdf
http://www.tikunim.co.il/sun/sun.pdf
Its title is:
The sun energy source is not nuclear fusion, but magnetic fields from
the center of the Galaxy. The sun converts energy to mass and not mass
to energy.
Abstract:
The sun energy source thought to be a nuclear fusion reactor inside
the sun core. The sun is not heated by fusion reaction but by magnetic
fields coming from the galactic center. The nuclear fusion is a by
product of the magnetic fields heating. The changing magnetic fields
from the galactic center induce electric currents inside the sun that
heat the sun. The heat and the high kinetic energy of particles in the
sun core, trigger high energy collisions that create the main
constituents of matter, electron, proton and neutron. The collisions
also fuse or nucleosynthesis heavier elements like deuterium, tritium,
helium and lithium. This leads to the fact that the stars and galaxies
constantly produce mass and energy. The article will explain the
clockworks behinds the galaxies energy production. The galaxy energy
and mass production cancel out the Big Bang theory and leads to a
steady state cosmological model with large amount of new mass created
that expand and accelerate the universe.

Your theory is contradicted by direct evidence for the pp-chain nuclear
reactions going on in the core of the Sun (Marty).

The original gravitational collapse heated the gas... kinetic energy
was great enough for nuclear fusion (pp-chain) to begin and sustain
itself.

See: http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/astronomy/fix/student/chapter17/17f02.html

The Sun's primary energy source is the p-p chain whereby helium is
fused from hydrogen in the core of our sun. Density, pressure and
temperature profiles, solar neutrino (anti neutrino) energies and total
radiated energy confirm the standard solar model.

Density, pressure an temperature profiles are measured by analysis
of the Sun's vibration modes, rates, etc.

The [once] Solar Neutrino Problem Has Been Closed
http://www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/586-1.html

PHYSICS NEWS UPDATE
The American Institute of Physics Bulletin of Physics News
Number 617 December 13, 2002 by Phillip F. Schewe, Ben Stein, and James
Riordon

PHYSICS STORIES OF 2002. The top two physics stories for the past 12
months were the total accounting of neutrinos from the sun by the Sudbury
Neutrino Observatory (SNO), thus solving the solar neutrino problem (Update
586; www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/586-1.html); and the formation
and detection of antihydrogen atoms at CERN (Updates 605 and 611,
www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/605-1.html and
www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/611-1.html). Other notable physics
developments for the year include stopping and storing light in a solid
(Update 571), the observation of phase-transition behavior in nuclei (572),
publication of some unsent letters by Niels Bohr to Werner Heisenberg (576),
interferometry with C-70 molecules (579), a dispute over "fusion" in
sonoluminescence (579, 599), most precise tests of special relativity (571,
590), sharper maps of the cosmic microwave background (591), "droplet" of
light (596), claims for element 118 retracted (597), verification of the
notion that the second law of thermodynamics can be violated on small
spacetime intervals (598), high precision measurements of CP violation in B
meson decays and in the g-2 factor of the muon (600), scandal at Lucent
(606), record high laboratory magnetic fields (614), polarization in the
cosmic microwave background detected (606), 2002 Nobel prize for physics
(608), noise can improve balance (612), and longest measured atomic lifetime
(616). All the above Update items can be retrieved from our archive at
www.aip.org/physnews/update.

REACTOR ANTI-NEUTRINO DISAPPEARANCE, measured by a detector in Japan,
supports the idea that neutrinos oscillate from one type to another and that
they possess mass. Nuclear reactors produce several things: heat,
electricity, spent fuel rods, and neutrinos. The neutrinos (or, to be more
exact, electron anti-neutrinos) are a result of fission reactions inside the
reactor core. But some of the electron antineutrinos, once they're underway
and moving through the Earth, manifest one of the weirdest phenomena in all
of physics, namely the ability to exist as a composite of several
sub-species. That is, what we call a neutrino is really several (perhaps
three) neutrinos in one. At any point along its trajectory the generic
neutrino might (if you were to capture it just then) appear as an electron
neutrino, but farther along it might look like a muon neutrino, in which
case it would elude detectors tuned to detect only electron nu's.
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) sets out
to sample this odd mode of being. The apparatus, basically a huge reservoir
of optically-active liquid viewed by numerous phototubes, looks for
interactions in which an incoming nu strikes a proton, creating in their
stead a trackable neutron-positron pair. KamLAND resides in an underground
lab beneath Toyama, Japan. It is a sort of telescope peering not at
galaxies in the sky; instead it stares through a block of terrestrial crust
looking for the neutrino warmth cast off by a constellation of 69 reactors
in Japan and Korea.

Taking into account the laws of physics governing the reactions in the
reactor cores, the known power ratings for the reactors, their aggregate
reactor-detector distances, and the duration of the experiment (145 days),
one would expect seeing 86 true events, whereas the actual number was 54.
The researchers conclude that the disappearance of events is due to neutrino
oscillation.

This result is not merely a confirmation of oscillation research carried
out with solar nu's at such detectors as Super Kamiokande in Japan and the
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) in Canada (see Update 586,
http://www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/586-1.html). For one thing
KamLAND studies anti-neutrinos rather than neutrinos. Furthermore, the
production of neutrinos in a reactor is much closer at hand and better
understood than is the case for the sun. The KamLAND finding also serves to
narrow the theoretical explanation of the neutrino's split personality.
(Eguchi et al., paper submitted to Physical Review Letters, text and
background information at:
http://hep.stanford.edu/neutrino/KamLAND/KamLAND.html)


The "solar neutrino problem" was solve a few years ago:
http://www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/586-1.html
http://www.aip.org/enews/physnews/2002/split/608-1.html

Note these papers by John N. Bahcall, Sarbani Basu, M. H. Pinsonneault:
http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/9805135
http://pdg.lbl.gov/1998/solarnu_s005313.pdf
http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/beamline/24/3/24-3-bahcall.pdf

Also read:
http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb/Papers/Popular/JohnRayhistory/johnrayhistory.html
http://www.fynu.ucl.ac.be/librairie/theses/gustaaf.brooijmans/node26.html
http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/kirsten/gallex/detector.htm


Neutrino producing reactions adapted [by Lang]
from Bahcall (1989). The termination percentage is a fraction of terminations
of the proton-proton (pp) chain, 4p --> alpha + 2e+ + 2v_e, in which each
reaction occurs. Since in essentially all terminations at least one pp neutrino
is produced and in a few terminations one pp and one pep neutrino are created,
the total of pp and pep terminations exceeds 100%

Name Reaction % Termination Neutrino Energy, q
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp p + p --> H² + e+ + v_e 100 q < 0.420 MeV
pep p + e- + p --> H² + v_e 0.4 q = 1.442 MeV
hep He³ + p --> He4 + v_e 0.00002 q < 18.773 MeV
Be7 Be7 + e- --> Li7 + v_e 15 q = 0.862 MeV 89.7%
q = 0.384 MeV 10.3%
B8 B8 --> Be7 + e+ + v_e 0.02 q < 15 MeV


Calculated Solar neutrino fluxes at the Earth's Surface
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pp 6.0 x 10^10 cm^-2 s^-1
pep 0.014 x 10^10 cm^-2 s^-1
hep 8 x 10^3 cm^-2 s^-1
Be7 0.47 x 10^10 cm^-2 s^-1
B8 5.8 x 10^6 cm^-2 s^-1


Other relevant papers by John N. Bahcall, Sarbani Basu, M. H. Pinsonneault:
> http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/9805135
http://pdg.lbl.gov/1998/solarnu_s005313.pdf
http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/beamline/24/3/24-3-bahcall.pdf

And here is something fun you can do:
http://www.physics.mun.ca/~jjerrett/protonproton/pp.html

More fun references:
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/astro/solarpp.html
http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/8/0,5716,63188+1+61627,00.html
> http://www.eps.org/aps/meet/APR00/baps/abs/S5690002.html

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