Re: Astronomers claim first 'dark galaxy' find

From: TomGee (lvlus_at_hotmail.com)
Date: 02/24/05 

Date: 24 Feb 2005 12:03:48 -0800

GM wrote:
> So... when will we see proof of 'dark energy' mentioned in this
> article:
>
>
The proof of any theory comes after the theory is proposed. Here is my
take on these new developments:

 0% visible energy
 4% visible matter
23% invisible matter
____________________
27% matter
=
73% invisible energy

Hypothesis:

It has become obvious that our universe consists primarily of dark
matter and dark energy, so it should be fairly obvious as well today
that visible matter is the product of dark matter and visible matter
interactions, and that "dark" energy is the vehicle by which these
interactions occur.

My model of the universe predicts that dark matter and energy comprise
space where interactions occur between lightwaves and dark matter
particles to create light, or, emr. Lightwaves collide with negative
matter particles (dark matter) and impart to them sufficient positive
energy as to transform them into real (visible) particles which we see
as "light".

Even more astounding that that, perhaps, is my hypothesis that
gravitation is not an attractive force at all, but a repulsive force
which prevents the amassing of real matter any larger than that which
corresponds to the particular situations of discrete matter or systems.

It is possible also that the there is an attractive force between
massive objects which is mediated by the repulsive forces of dark
matter to the extent that matter is forced to speed apart from other
matter such that it may appear that space is in a process of expansion.

As for the invisible dark energy, all energy is invisible to us. We do
not ever see energy; we see it only as motions of real objects when
energy is in use, and when it is in a stored form, we see only the
vessel in which it is stored. Energy is, like dark matter, only
detected by us by the effects it has on visible matter.

Thus, dark matter is negative mass (a la George Gamow) having negative
energy, which may interact with matter having positive mass and energy.

The basis of emr is temperature, and we can say that heat is thermal
radiation, which produces energy in the form of lightwaves. However,
emr is considered to be particle radiation, not wave radiation. My
model resolves that obstacle by having space comprised of dark matter
particle which interact with light wave energy to create light.

TomGee 02/24/05

Astronomers detect first invisible galaxy
> Breakthrough could shed light on dark-matter mystery
> By Robert Roy Britt
> Senior science writer, Space.com
>
> Astronomers have discovered an invisible galaxy that could be the
> first of many that will help unravel one of the universe's greatest
> mysteries.
>
> The object appears to be made mostly of "dark matter," material of an
> unknown nature that can't be seen.
>
> Theorists have long said most of the universe is made of dark matter.
> Its presence is required to explain the extra gravitational force
that
> is observed to hold regular galaxies together and that also binds
> large clusters of galaxies.
>
> Theorists also believe knots of dark matter were integral to the
> formation of the first stars and galaxies. In the early universe,
dark
> matter condensed like water droplets on a spider web, the thinking
> goes. Regular matter - mostly hydrogen gas - was gravitationally
> attracted to a dark matter knot, and when the density became great
> enough, a star would form, marking the birth of a galaxy.
>
> The theory suggests that pockets of pure dark matter ought to remain
> sprinkled across the cosmos. In 2001, a team led by Neil Trentham of
> the University of Cambridge predicted the presence of entire dark
> galaxies.
>
> One of perhaps many
>
> The newfound dark galaxy was detected with radio telescopes. Similar
> objects could be very common or very rare, said Robert Minchin of
> Cardiff University in Wales.
>
> "If they are the missing dark matter halos predicted by galaxy
> formation simulations but not found in optical surveys, then there
> could be more dark galaxies than ordinary ones," Minchin told
> Space.com.
>
> In a cluster of galaxies known as Virgo, 50 million light-years away,
> Minchin and colleagues looked for radio-wavelength radiation coming
> from hydrogen gas. They found a well of it that contains a hundred
> million times the mass of the sun. It is now named VIRGOHI21.
>
> The well of material rotates too quickly to be explained by the
> observed amount of gas. Something else must serve as gravitational
> glue.
>
> "From the speed it is spinning, we realized that VIRGOHI21 was a
> thousand times more massive than could be accounted for by the
> observed hydrogen atoms alone," Minchin said. "If it were an ordinary
> galaxy, then it should be quite bright and would be visible with a
> good amateur telescope.
>
> "The ratio of dark matter to regular matter is at least 500-to-1,
> which is higher than I would expect in an ordinary galaxy," Minchin
> said. "However, it is very hard to know what to expect with such a
> unique object - it may be that high ratios like this are necessary to
> keep the gas from collapsing to form stars."
>
> Long road to discovery
>
> Other potential dark galaxies have been found previously, but closer
> observations revealed stars in the mix. Intense visible-light
> observations reveal no stars in VIRGOHI21.
>
> The invisible galaxy is thought to lack stars because its density is
> not high enough to trigger starbirth, the astronomers said.
>
> The discovery was made in 2000 with the University of Manchester's
> Lovell Telescope, and the astronomers have worked since then to
verify
> the work. It was announced Wednesday.
>
> "The universe has all sorts of secrets still to reveal to us, but
this
> shows that we are beginning to understand how to look at it in the
> right way," said astronomer Jon Davies of Cardiff University. "It's a
> really exciting discovery."
>
> Additional radio observations were made with the Arecibo Observatory
> in Puerto Rico. Follow-up optical work was done with the Isaac Newton
> Telescope in La Palma. Astronomers from Britain, France, Italy and
> Australia contributed to the research. The project is now searching
> for other possible dark galaxies.
>
> Dark matter makes up about 23 percent of the universe's mass-energy
> budget. Normal matter, the stuff of stars, planets and people,
> contributes just 4 percent. The rest of the universe is driven by an
> even more mysterious thing called dark energy.

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