Paper: Adaptation to the cost of resistance

From: Robert Karl Stonjek (rstonjek_at_bigpond.net.au)
Date: 01/20/05 

Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2005 13:02:00 -0500 (EST)

Proceedings: Biological Sciences
ISSN: 0962-8452 (Paper) 1471-2954 (Online)
Issue: Volume 272, Number 1558 / January 07, 2005

Pages: 85 - 89
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2004.2910
Adaptation to the cost of resistance: a model of compensation,
recombination, and selection in a haploid organism

Pieter J. Wijngaarden A1, Frank van den Bosch A2, Michael J. Jeger A3, Rolf
F. Hoekstra A1
A1 Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, NL-6703
BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
A2 Biomathematics Unit, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5
2JQ, UK
A3 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Imperial College London, Wye Campus,
Wye, Ashford, Kent TN25 5AH, UK

Abstract:
Populations of pathogenic organisms often evolve resistance in response to
the use of pesticides or antibiotics. This rise of resistance may be
followed by a fall when chemical control is suspended and resistance alleles
carry a fitness cost. Another possibility is that mutations at secondary
loci compensate for the cost, usually without loss of resistance. This
enables resistant types to withstand invasion by the susceptible wild-type;
resistance then persists in the population, which reduces the efficacy of
future pesticide or antibiotic use. We examined a two-locus model of a
haploid organism that adapts to the cost of resistance by a single
compensatory mutation. We addressed the question how different combinations
of cost and compensation and different levels of recombination affect the
consequences of a single pesticide application. Resistance will become fixed
in the population when the fraction of the population exposed to pesticide
exceeds the cost of resistance. Compensatory mutations reduce the cost of
resistance and therefore this threshold level of pesticide use. In the
absence of pesticide, recombination promotes stability of equilibria. In the
presence of pesticide, recombination accelerates the fixation of resistance
and compensating alleles; recombination may also enable the persistence of
compensated resistant types after pesticide use.

Keywords:
cost of resistance, compensatory evolution, pesticides, epistasis,
resistance

Abstract from The Royal Society
http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/link.asp?id=VLRGHD9LJ1FWE96B

Posted by
Robert Karl Stonjek

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