Re: Dangerous U.S. Volcanoes Not Properly Monitored

In article <SWWTe.7784$Wd7.6954@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>,
nospam@xxxxxxxxxxxxx (Jeff G) wrote:

> 1. Must be budget time again.
>
> 2. Any pilot who can't see and avoid a volcanic ash plume
> that's big enough to endanger an airplane shouldn't be piloting
> an aircraft in the first place.
>
> 3. The claim that any of the 13 volcanoes listed in this article
> are "inadequately monitored" is a bald-faced lie. Eruptions
> large enough to cause catastrophic damage, local or otherwise
> always give weeks if not months of warning. ALWAYS.

Always? Ever heard of Clerk A.F.B.???

In June 1991, after more than four centuries of slumber, Pinatubo Volcano in the
Philippines erupted so violently that more than 5 billion cubic meters of ash
and pyroclastic debris were ejected from its fiery bowels producing eruption
columns 18 kilometers wide at the base and heights reaching up to 30 kilometers
above the volcano?s vent.

In its wake 847 people lay dead, 184 injured, 23 missing, and more than 1 millon
people displaced. Hundreds of millions of dollars in private properties and
infrastructure lay in ruins which would require tens of billions of pesos and
several years to rebuild. For months, the ejected volcanic materials remained
suspended in the atmosphere where the winds dispersed them to envelope the
earth, reaching as far as Russia and North America. This phenomenon caused the
world?s temperature to fall by an average of 1 degree Celsius. Clearly,
Pinatubo?s eruption signals the world?s most violent and destructive volcanic
event of the 20th century.

Day One, Sunday, 9 June 1991
Eight hours of ash-laden steam clouds ejection ushered one of the world?s most
violent and destructive eruptions of the century, beginning at around 6 AM. This
was followed by pyroclastic flows which flowed down Pinatubo?s gullies into the
Maraunot and Moraza rivers. These pyroclastic flows reached some 4-5 kilometers
from the center of activity. Finally, Philvolcs issued Alert Level 5 at around
3:15 in the afternoon as intermittent occurrences of small pyroclastic flows
persisted the whole morning.

http://hannover.park.org/Philippines/pinatubo/

In this very newsgroup, long before it was taken over by people like you, who
answered so quickly that you definitely had no time to read the article, we
monitored the eruption at Montserrat, which incidentally is erupting again.

http://www.mvo.ms/

Map - Potentially Active Volcanoes of the Western United States

http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/WesternUSA/Maps/map_potentially_active.html

Interactive U.S.G.S. F.A.Q

http://interactive2.usgs.gov/faq/list_faq_by_category/get_answer.asp?id=465

Juan de Fuca Ridge Volcanics

http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/JuanDeFucaRidge/framework.html

Submarine Volcanoes, Ridges, and Vents

http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/SubmarineVolcano/framework.html

RESEARCHERS FIND HYDROTHERMAL VENT FIELDS IN FAR NORTH

http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ncs/newsarch/2005/Aug05/arcticvents.htm

Oh yes, and the Mt St Helens Volcano Cam.

http://www.fs.fed.us/gpnf/volcanocams/msh/images/mshvolcanocam.jpg

It's best seen at night as it glows in the dark. I have some nice pictures I
took a couple of weeks back. Tell me, you were aware that it has been erupting
for several weeks now, I hope?

Alan

http://www.veloceraptor.free-online.co.uk/enigma.html

http://veloceraptor.blogspot.com/

>
> "Alan" <alan@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote in message
> > news:memo.20050908141334.980D@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> > http://www.livescience.com/forcesofnature/050429_volcano_danger.html
> >
> > Dangerous volcanoes in six states are not adequately monitored, U.S.
> > Geological
> > Survey officials said Friday. The agency called for a new nationwide warning
> > system.
> >
> > Geologists conducted a new survey of the 169 known U.S. volcanoes and ranked
> > them according to their threat to human life, property and aviation safety.
> >
> > Alaska, California, Washington State, Oregon, Hawaii, Wyoming all have
> > "dangerous volcanoes with monitoring gaps or no monitoring in place," the
> > report
> > concludes.
> >
> > "We cannot afford to wait until a hazardous volcano begins to erupt before
> > deploying a modern monitoring effort," said USGS Director Chip Groat. "The
> > consequences put property and people at risk - including volcano scientists
> > on
> > site and pilots and passengers in the air."
> >
> > Though volcanoes erupt sporadically, the risk is real.
> >
> > 747 nearly lost
> >
> > "We nearly lost a fully loaded Boeing 747 to volcanic ash cloud in Alaska in
> > 1989," said Capt. Ed Miller of the Air Line Pilots Association.
> >
> > Miller said a partnership with the USGS now provides warnings that help
> > pilots
> > avoid such plumes. When Mount St. Helens woke up last October and spewed
> > ash,
> > the USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory notified air traffic control centers
> > within five minutes.
> >
> > By placing seismic instruments and other sensors on a volcanic mountain,
> > geologists can detect early warning signs of possible eruptions and also
> > note
> > eruptions that are underway in remote locations. About half of the most
> > threatening volcanoes are monitored at a basic level, the report found,
> > while
> > only a few are well watched.
> >
> > "Monitoring capabilities at many hazardous volcanoes are sparse or
> > antiquated,
> > and some hazardous volcanoes have no ground-based monitoring whatsoever,"
> > the
> > report states.
> >
> > The report calls for a National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS) that
> > would
> > create a 24/7 Volcano Watch Office.
> >
> > "This is the only way to forewarn communities at risk in enough time to
> > activate
> > emergency response plans, and ultimately help save lives and property,"
> > Groat
> > said.
> >
> > The hotspots
> >
> > Since 1980, there have been 45 eruptions at 33 volcanoes in the United
> > States.
> > Of those, 15 were considered notable, the report found.
> >
> > The report found 13 "very high threat volcanoes" with inadequate monitoring.
> > Though some erupt infrequently and may be dormant now, geologists expect
> > them to
> > eventually reawaken, and many are near large population center. The list:
> >
> > Alaska: Redoubt, Makushin, Akutan, and Augustine
> > California: Shasta, Lassen
> > Oregon: Hood, South Sister, Crater Lake, Newberry
> > Washington: Rainier, Glacier Peak, Baker
> >
> > USGS officials and geologists plans to meet with federal agencies, state and
> > county emergency management agencies, businesses and other organizations to
> > finalize plans for the nationwide early warning system.
> >
> > Alan
> >
> > http://www.veloceraptor.free-online.co.uk/enigma.html
>
>
>

.

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