Re: what is etymology? (linguistics and biology)

Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 50, a test (twenty)

Albert Einstein: Imagination is more important than
knowledge, because knowledge is limited while
imagination embraces the whole world.

I imagine: An Indo-European tribe living near hills
and mountains of Central Asia called themselves
KAL LAD and KAL LAS people, KAL 'Underworld,
womb of the goddess', LAD 'hill', LAS 'mountain',
for the precious metals copper and tin they mined
from those hills and mountains. Some of the KAL
LAD and KAL LAS people wandered westward,
then southward, arrived in the Argolis by the third
millennium BC, conquered the ancient dwelling
on the bay by surrounding it three times, loudly
calling and shouting, whereupon the natives
rendered themselves. The invaders settled on
the shore of the bay, built the House of Tiles at
Lerna, and a white tower on the limestone hill,
calling it by the name of TRY NOS meaning:
built in honor of the supreme mind (nos) of the
one who triumphs (try), and in whose name also
we triumph ... This name subsequently became
Tryns Slryns Tiryns.

The white tower, known as Circular Building,
went up in flames before 2 000 BC, however,
the enforcing rosette of blocks at the basis
persisted and was worshipped as rosette of
Sseyr Zeus.

Eponymus Tiryns from Arcadia ruled the polis around
1 700 BC, Middle Helladic period of time, overcame
a famine by consulting the oracle of Nyx in Elaia's grove
at Phigalia, introduced the edible olive in the Argolis,
saw himself as lion-wolf-dog-bee king, and celebrated
his achievements by a pair of inscribed gold disks he
wore on his shoulders. These disks are lost now, yet
we have a pair of baked together clay copies that were
found in southern Crete. One of the gold disks visualized
the acropolis of Tiryns with the central rosette as symbol
of the former Circular Building that included a Zeus
sanctuary, and the rim as representation of the wall
around the acropolis. The other gold disk visualized
Elaia's grove at Phigalia.

(to be continued)

Regards Franz Gnaedinger www.seshat.ch

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Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 49, a test (nineteen)

Inscription of the Tiryns Disk, Middle Helladic, deciphered
by Derk Ohlenroth; spiral and circular rim, each beginning
with an emphatic sigma indicating the presence of god:

SsEyR KI PhAAiNNOS SsEyR AI YLKIOS
OI KYOySANS GONOS ISOS KA SLRYNS
ISOSLA PhAAiNNOS ISOS KA SLRYNS EiI

SsLGOS EOoN KAI YNOS AiI KOy SAOS
PAN O EN NAOoI OS HII ENIOOo ASKIOS

Translation, basically following Derk Ohlenroth,
with some modifications by me; praise of Tiryns
(both town and king) along the spiral, banning
formula as magic enforcement of the wall
around the acropolis of Tiryns along the rim:

Zeus is the shining one also when Zeus is the
Lycaion one whose women give birth to children
his equal, and if shining Tiryns is a godlike town,
also I, eponymus Tiryns (probably from Arcadia,
at the base of Mount Lycaion), am a godlike ruler
(commemorated as the first lion-wolf-dog-bee king
in line on the gold signet ring from a cache of Tiryns,
worshipping Demeter Elaia, and Zeus in the guise
of an eagle, and as the gardener Lord Laertes
in Homer's Odyssey)

Marked (by god) and lonely forever shall be,
and without hope for salvation, who enters
(without permission) the sanctuary (acropolis
of Tiryns, consecrated to Zeus and Demeter
Elaia), and return without a shadow (live in
eternal darkness)

Derk Ohlenroth explains Middle Helladic Sseyr
for Zeus via Doric Sseys, and Slryns for Tiryns
via Ti- Si- Sl-. I propose TYR 'he who overcomes'
as origin of emphatic Sseyr, and the permutation
TRY 'triumph' as origin of Slryns, via the rare shift
T- Sl- (tempus Schlaefe temple, tabula table slab
Tafel, tapper to tap slap, attack Schlag, to tow
schleppen schlep):

TYR Sseyr Sseys Zeus theos deus Dis Pater
divinus divine Tiwaz Tir (nordic god of justice
and war)

TYR NOS Tryns Slryns Tiryns - built in honor
of the supreme mind (nos) who triumphs (try),
and in whose name also we triumph

Next time: visualizing Tiryns and three roots of words
for wheel: RYT rhytaer radius rota / CO OC LOP
Cyclops kyklos / TRY 'triumph' trochos drehen ...

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Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 48, a test (eighteen)

Martin E. Huld, _Reinventing the Wheel_ (Proceedings
of the Eleventh Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference,
1999/2000), believes that the root *kwel- 'turn' has
produced at least four separate terms for wheel,
*kwekl-om *kwekl-os *kwol-o- *kwel-es, indicating
technological progress. Furthermore he assumes that
*kweklom originally meant shoulder joint, later neck,
while the axle is connected to the shoulder span *Haks-,
and the nub or nave to the umbelicus.

This may well be, but how did the shoulder joint and
later neck acquire its (hypothetical) name *kweklom?
Picture the leader of a tribe standing on top of the
building on an elevation in the center of a dwelling
surrounded by hedges or a wall, looking around,
stretching his arm, pointing to the ford of the river
down there, the group of trees over there, the hill
yonder, turning his arm in the shoulder joint while
shifting from one aim to the other, and turning his
head in the neck as well, so we have again CO for
being attentive, engaging the mind, OC for eye and
seeing, LOP for the fence or wall over which he is
looking and pointing, hence CO OC LOP *kweklom
'shoulder joint' and later 'neck' ...

A further root of wheel was *drogh-o- (trochos,
drehen), evolving from a sledge or sledge runner,
says Huld. I derive these words from TRY and from
the magical ritual of breaking the power of walls by
by dragging a sledge bearing a dead enemy three
times around the wall of the city one wishes to storm
and conquer: Achilles drags the body of Hector three
times around Troy, the magic works, the Achaeans
sack Ilium, and they triumph (meaning of TRY from
the permutation group of TYR 'he who overcomes'
and RYT 'spear thrower').

Martin Huld sees the evolution of the wheel mirrored
in language: solid wheel (carved from a single piece
of wood) *drogh-o- // tripartite wheel (made of three
pieces of wood, a long one in the middle, almost
rectangular, with the hole of the nub in the center,
and a pair of round ones to the sides) *E2rot-o- //
spoked wheel with felloe (circular rim) *Huerg- 'bend'.

I would rather propose RYT *E2rot-o- for the spokes,
and *Huerg- 'bend' for the felloe (circular rim). Now
lacks a word for the tripartite wheel. I would say the
central piece - long, almost rectangular, with the hub
or navel - is the 'body', while the round pieces to the
sides are the 'arms' or 'legs', fixed to the central piece.
We have then:

TRY *drogh-o- solid wheel

CO OC LOP *kweklom tripartite wheel

RYT *E2rot-o- spokes

*Huerg- 'bend' felloe (circular rim)

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Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 47, a test (seventeen)

CO OC LOP Cyclops kyklos

*kweklom *kweklos *kwolos *kweles

hweohol hweol wheel

CO O(C) L(OP) CO-O-L *kwel- 'turn'

CO-O-L kollern 'to roll (unevenly)'

Latin rota 'wheel' and German Rad 'wheel' and many
more similar words in other languages may stem from

TYR --- he who overcomes
RYT --- spear thrower

TYR has many derivates: ancient Greek tyrant (once
positive) / Tir, nordic god of justice and war (Tiwaz) /
emphatic Sseyr, Middle Helladic Zeus according to
Derk Ohlenroth, Doric Sseys / TYR Sseyr Sseys Zeus
theos deus Dis divinus divine Tiwaz Tir / SA TYR NOS
--- mind (nos) of the one who overcomes in the double
meaning of rule and give (tyr) from above (sa),
Saturnus, Saturn, ruler of a golden age / Latin turris
Italian torre French tour German Turm English tower,
dominating a landscape ... Also inverse RYT has
several derivates: ancient Greek rhytaer 'archer,
protector' (the latter testifying to the once positive
aspect of tyrant: he protected his people) / radius
radii, straight lines going out from a center into all
directions, named for spears thrown by a hunter
standing on top of a rock, and arrows shot by an
archer on top of a tower, flying into all directions /
Latin rota German Rad English rotation come from
the same figure and may include the coverage of
a spear thrower or an archer. Latin turris 'tower'
is the architectural version of TYR, rotunda the one
of RYT rota rotare rotundus. English turn combines
the TYR-form with the meaning of RYT rota rotare.

A further group of words including ancient Greek
trochos 'wheel' and 'running way' in the sense of
dromos, German drehen 'turn', may again be related
to a fortified dwelling and come from a permutation
of TYR:

TRY --- triumph

A ghastly episode in the Iliad tells how Achilles drags
the body of Hector three times around the wall of Troy.
Eberhard Zangger explains this as a magic rite intending
to break the power of the wall. Soon after the Achaeans
sack Troy, the magic works, and they triumph.

All three words groups for wheel would then go back
to fortified dwellings, as do the words people and folk.

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