Re: what is etymology? (linguistics and biology)

Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 54, a test (twenty-four)

I imagine:

CO OC LOP was the term for a well guarded circle
settlement of Central Eurasia, CO for the citadel in the
center, housing a sanctuary of TYR 'he who overcomes'
(Middle Helladic Sseyr, Doric Sseys, Greek Zeus),
palace of the ruler, headquarter where all information
came together (co as origin of con- com-), OC for the
guards along the defense wall LOP (originally fences,
later pise walls, five meters thick in the case of Arkaim
in the Country of Towns in Southern Trans-Ural).

CO OC LOP (in combination with the origin of skopos
'spy, scout' and/or ops 'face, eye' ?) became Cyclops,
a one-eyed giant as personification of such a settlement
(Polyphem a symbol of Troy; Homer's cyclopes on
mountain tops represent Anatolian strongholds).

Circle settlements in the Eurasian steppes were built
on rivers. Their fortifications testify to wars. A war
strategy might have been to summon as many soldiers
and horses as possible, surrounding a fortified dwelling
one wished to conquer three times, hooping, trampling
the ground, sparing the life of the inhabitants if they
surrendered, otherwise attacking. This hypothetical
strategy of conquering a fortified dwelling could have
given rise to the myth of PAS TON Posidaon Posidon
Poseidon (softening of dental compensated by
lengthening of vowel, ton became -daon -don, both
with omega), originally the god of rivers, creator of
the horse, and Earthshaker.

CO OC LOP also gave rise to kyklos 'circle, ring,
disk, wheel, eye, ring wall, city wall' - the more so
as a circle settlement invited astronomical studies,
CO (O)C L(OP) CO-O-L *kwel 'turn' ...

CO OC NOS 'mind (nos) of the one who looks out (oc)
attentively (co)' would have become Latin cognosco
(co oc nos co), while the rump form (co o)c nos would
account for ancient Greek gnosis (with omega).

Both CO OC LOP and CO OC NOS contain the
enforcement CO OC whose inverse form OC CO
may be the origin of ancient Greek ego (with omega)
and Latin ego, eye-reason, originally perhaps used
for a group of guards (oc) around their leader (co),
while the common form of I would have been the
very ancient humming Mm (in Australia perhaps Nn),
marking presence, surviving in French moi and English
me.

Next time: AC CA AS *ekwos equus 'horse', a fresh
insight from this morning - the horse as psychopomp,
guiding a soul from the earth (ac) to the sky (ca) in
upward direction (as), a role later ascribed to the
Celtic horse goddess Epona who led the soul of the
dead through darkness to light (Marie E.P. König),
paralleling the rising sun horse of Lascaux and the
rising horses of the sun god Helios ...

Regards Franz Gnaedinger www.seshat.ch

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Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 53, a test (twenty-three)

The Middle Helladic hieroglyph of the circle with a central
dot surrounded by six dots along the circumference allows
a new understanding of CO OC LOP

CO : mind, ruler, eponymus Tiryns, obliged to Zeus

OC : eye, to watch, soldiers guarding the acropolis
of Tiryns, looking over the wall

LOP : cyclopic wall around the acropolis

CO OC LOP Cyclops kyklos 'wheel' - the hieroglyph
is close to a wheel, just connect the six dots along the
circumference with the central dot each for spokes.

As for circular and radial annular fortified dwellings of
the Bronze Age, whose ground plans evoke eyes - with
pupil and iris - and wheels, consult: Complex Societies
of Central Eurasia from the 3rd to the 1st Millennium BC,
Regional Specifics in Light of Global Moduls, Volumes I
and II, edited by Karlene Jones Bley and D.G. Zdanovich,
Journal of Indo-European Studies Monograph Series 45
and 46, Institute for the Study of Man, Washington D.C.
2002.

What became of KAL LAD and KAL LAS in my imagination?
These names live on in Helladic and Hellas. KAL is also
present in Helen, Homeric symbol of tin, as explained many
times before. The same KAL is present in Keltoi Celts,
in Gallia, and in Helvetii, a Celtic tribe that settled in
Switzerland. KAL 'Underworld, womb of the goddess'
would always refer to mining, suiting the Bronze Age of
the KAL LAD and KAL LAS people who became Hellads
in Hellas, and suiting the Iron Age of the Celts.

CO OC LOP survived in Cyclops, personification of
a fortified dwelling, the most famous one Homer's
Polyphem, symbol of Troy, as I also explained many
times. Polyphem was a shepherd, herding sheep
and goats that symbolize foreign ships. The regular
Cyclops, however, was a smith by profession, hence
the personification of a fortified dwelling of the Copper
Age, of the Bronze Age, and of the Iron Age.

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Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 52, a test (twenty-two)

(continuation)

Furthermore, the Tiryns disk visualizes the principle
of CO OC LOP by the attentively (co) watching (oc)
soldiers along the spiral and along the rim which
symbolizes the wall around the acropolis (lop).

Next to a dozen soldiers you can see a hieroglyph in
the form of a small circle with a central dot and six
dots along the circumference, phonetic value omikron.
Together with the subsequent soldier, phonetic value
sigma, they form the frequent Greek ending -OS. All in
all there are fifteen of these O-signs on the Triyns disk.
I consider them a symbol of the Argos Eye, emblem
of a watchful union of Helladic towns in the Argolis.
The sign goes along with my new interpretation as
CO OC LOP : central dot for the ruler, his mind (co),
surrounding dots for the guards (oc), circumference
for the cyclopic wall around the acropolis (lop).

Then we have the word TRY 'triumph' coming from
the magic ritual concerning a polis one wishes to
conquer by surrounding it three times. Have another
look at the spiral of the Tiryns disk: it revolves three
times around the center. Walking or riding three times
around a polis one wished to conquer must have been
an Indo-European war strategy preserved in TRY for
triumph, root of ancient Greek trochos 'wheel', also
running way in the sense of dromos. Consider also
how a winner of a sport contest absolves a round
of honor in a stadion, celebrating his triumph.

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Appendix to the glossary of the new Magdalenian words,
part 51, a test (twenty-one)

(continuation)

Let us have a look at the Tiryns disk. The central rosette,
- phonetic value emphatic sigma, Ss - marks the begin
of Sseyr, Middle Helladic form of Zeus. The rosette
commemorates the enforced basis of the former Circular
Building of the Early Helladic period of time in the shape
of a big rosette. Furthermore, the rosette of eight petals
in the center of the disk is a windrose, indicating N NE
E SE S SW W NW - also the god looking into all these
directions, overlooking the landscape, casting glances,
throwing invisible javelins, protecting Tiryns from top of
the Circular Building, presumably a shining white tower
that (and this we know for certain) housed a Zeus
sanctuary ... So we have RYT 'spear thrower', rhytaer
'archer, protector', radius radii (indicated by the petals
of the central rosette), and rota 'wheel' given by the
shape of the disk.

The rosette, phonetic value Ss, an emphatic sigma,
marks the begin of the name Sseyr Zeus. Along the
spiral we count nine soldiers; along the rim of the disk,
which represents the wall around the acropolis of Tiryns,
we see five more soldiers, phonetic value sigma: these
guards and soldiers perform the function indicated by
the Zeus rosette and the word RYT 'spear thrower'
and ancient Greek rhytaer 'archer, protector': they
watch out in all directions, over the wall, and will throw
javelins and shoot arrows at intruders, protecting Tiryns,
carrying out the will of Zeus.

The central rosette also has a calendaric function:
it isn't only a windrose, also a wheel of time, so to
say. Each petal stays for five weeks of nine days
each, together 45 days. The eight petals represent
a year of 360 days. Count the small central circle
for 5 and occasionally 6 additional days and you get
a solar year of 365 and sometimes 366 days. Now
count periods of 45 days continually; 21 such periods
yield 945 days and correspond to 32 lunations.

(to be continued)

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