Re: what is etymology? (linguistics and biology)

Glossary of the new Magdalenian words, more figurative
compounds, part 15

PAD for activity of feet and the comparative form
PAS for everywhere in a plain may have lateral
associations referring to water:

PID --- hollow in the ground, wherein water rests and
moves, then also used for other liquids and materials,
and for further hollows; pit, puddle, river bed, bed in
general, vat, German Buette and Bottich, pot, maybe
also bowl as a softened version of pot, French bidon
for a container of liquids, also vide for empty, English
void (an empty vessel giving rise to the concept of
emptiness), also Fud for vulva, an old German word.

DAP means activity of hands, the lateral association
DIP may survive in to dip, dipper, tub, German Topf
for pot (a case of converging inverse forms)

PIS --- water in motion, also motion within water and
bodies moving in water; Latin piscis pisces English
fish German Fisch, French piscine for swimming pool,
perhaps also Pisa on the river Arno near the mouthing
into the sea, vessel may originally have referred to
boiling water and would then have been used for the
container that held boiling water, water in motion ...
Another case of water in motion, alluding to a sound,
is English piss German Pisse pissen, in Switzerland
we have Bisi for the pee of a child

Possible compounds are PID TON for a vessel making
a sound when empty and knocked at, surviving in French
bidon, consider also German Tonne for a barrel, and
PIS KOS for bodies moving in the watery cosmos,
Latin piscis pisces English Fish ...

Regards Franz Gnaedinger www.seshat.ch

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Glossary of the new Magdalenian words, more figurative
compounds, part 14

(continuation)

PIR ONS --- fire (pir) benefit coming from early science,
here from the study of minerals when exposed to very
hot fire in a clay oven (ons, originally the benefit coming
from opinions based on reality); English bronze, Venetian
bronza for burning coals (providing heat in an oven),
German Bronze, also Brunst for fire, especially of burning
houses - a 'benefit' if a village of the enemy burns down,
a catastrophe if the own village goes up in flames

PIR EN --- fire (pir) within (en), fire within an oven;
Persian birinj for copper, English burn German brennen

Latin aes was the word for ore, copper, bronze, also
for the copper or bronze ingot representing the value
of a cow, used as money, called pecunia. Aes may
come from Magdalenian AIS for fate, as the possession
or non-possession of money can decide one's fate
(others may say that fate can materialize in the
possession of absence of money). English ore German
Erz are explained via Latin aes. Magdalenian offers an
alternative explanation via ARG for the decorated walls
and ceiling of a cave, later also used for the natural
'decoration' in form of veins and streaks of precious
materials (arg are ore, arg arx Erz). Pecunia would go
back to Magdalenian PAC for horse, more specifically
to the horse as prey of hunters, later used for cattle in
general, surviving in Italian vacca for cow.

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Glossary of the new Magdalenian words, more figurative
compounds, part 13

(continuation)

CAP PIR --- to capture, keep (cap, originally the chief
horse hunter, captain of a horse hunting group) fire (pir),
to keep fire, namely in a clay oven built on the ground,
open to the wind, used for melting copper in early times;
Cyprus the copper island, ancient Greek kyprios for
copper as the metal from Cyprus, Late Latin cuprum
English copper German Kupfer

PIR for fire might also be present in Venetian bronza
for glowing coals and in German Brunst for fire,
and in Persian birinj for copper, original compound
PIR EN --- fire (pir) within (en)

The ancient Greek word for copper was chalkos
(khalkos), a derivative of Magdalenian KAL for the
Underworld. The main lead ore was called galena
by Pliny. On the basis of an old name he heard
in some dialect? Galena reminds again of KAL.
An archaeological mining site in Greece tells us
that the soft lead ore galena was crushed and
grinded, washed, and then molten in small ovens
dug into the ground. We may assume that many
of the small ovens burnt and smoked simultanously,
which could have given rise to a further compound:
BAL OMD --- hot (bal) multitude (omd), many ovens;
balomd *bolumdos *bolumbdos Old Latin plumbom
Latin plumbum for lead / balomd b-lo- German Blei
for lead / balomd ba-d Serbian vodit for lead /
balomd bal-d blad Serbian vladiti for lead / balomd
-lomd West Germanic *loudhom Old Friesic lad
Middle Dutch loot Old Irish luaide English lead,
German Lot for weight, plummet, perhaps also
English load German Ladung

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Glossary of the new Magdalenian words, more figurative
compounds, part 12

(continuation)

SAP ARG would have been the compound for an early
miner. ARG originally meant the walls and ceiling of
a decorated cave, adorned with paintings of the sun
horse and moon bull; their shining survived in *arg-gros
argos for shining white, and shifted from painted animals
to natural 'decoration's of a cave, namely veins and
streaks of precious materials, flint, crystal, copper,
cassiterite, aurichalcit, silver, gold - consider Latin
argentum for silver, French argent for money. The
permutation GRA means a painted cave and might be
the origin of ancient Greek chrysos for gold as the
most precious metal a mine can offer, again a shining
natural 'decoration' of a subterranean gangway or cave.
GAR means the clefts, crevices and fissures in rock
wherefrom animals emerge or wherein they disappear.
GAR may have been the origin of Charon who led
human souls into the Underworld. May it also be
present in carbon, another mining good? RAG means
the line of head and back of a painted animal, the
first line drawn by a Paleolithic artist according to
Leroi-Gourhan, amazingly evocative of the whole
animal; derivatives are ancient Greek rhakos for back,
mountain ridge, Latin rectus for straight, rex regis for
king, regnum for kingdom, regio for region, also
German Gesichtslinie, visual line, the region one
overlooks from an elevated position, English regal
royal, right, erect, rich, German ragen for to tower,
loom, recken for to stretch, Recke for warrior, hero,
Rücken for back, Rückgrat for backbone, recht and
richtig for right, Recht for law, reichen for rto each,
reich for rich, Reich for kingdom -- a wide range of
meanings that go along with alpha animals and
human leaders. Old Indic rajati rasti for shines,
radiates, is king, links the shining of the original
sun horse and moon bull with kings who always
loved the shining metals mined from the ground ...
The Magdalenian word for ground, Underground,
was KAL, present in gold German Gold, perhaps
also in silver German Silber. LAS means mountain,
inverse SAL means the watery ground of a valley
which became Latin sal for sea, also salix for
willow, a tree growing along rivers and shores,
while sal in the meaning of salt may be a lateral
association to KAL. RAG has many more derivatives
than mentioned above, for example Lithuanian
regot for to stand out, and regati for to see - to
be understood via Latin for region in the sense
of Gesichtslinie, what a king sees when he stands
on an elevated position and looks around: his land,
his regio, his kingdom. Old Latin regare for to make
wet, however, has a different origin, probably

REO GEN --- to flow, river (reo) three days or nights
of the young moon (gen) later used for everything
that comes into being (genesis), rain as origin of
a river; Latin regare for to make wet, German Regen
English rain

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