Nebulous concepts... how to even start on this logic-based project of mine?

So I have this idea about logic.

I want to make a "logic processor". I know that many similar projects
have been done in the past. Like prolog, or perhaps even
"Mathematica". But they don't really go into the area I want to go
into. I want my logic processor to be more advanced than that, able to
basically parse any other programming language into logic, and then
render that logic into another other programming language. Of course
that would take years of work by many people, but anyhow, that's the
core drive behind me wanting to even start this project.

Eventually, it would be possible to design conventional programs in
this "logic format", but the programs would be "proven correct" by the
logic parser, so basically they would be proven to be 100% bug free :)

But the problem I'm having right now, is even STARTing. :)

Basically, what I'm trying to do, is figure out a syntax that can
express all my ideas in. I've selected a few basic ideas of mine that
I want to "logicify". And I'm having trouble figuring out how to
convert them from English into something a computer could parse.

I had one attempt with something hopefully all of you are familiar
with.

If I were to input these two lines:

Water can pass_though Skin
Water only pass_though(has[holes])

my ideal logic processor would output this line:

Skin has holes

Basically, this would be doing a bit of "set mathematics". Here,
has[X], means "anything that has an X".

So it's another way of saying that "Water can only pass through things
that have holes". It is equivalent to "Water only
pass_though(has[holes])"

Now, that's great for trying to explain this one theory that proves
that the skin has holes in it.

But I have many more theories of mine. Which to be honest I am having
great difficulty manually converting them from English into any format
that would be easy for a computer to parse.

Where would I even BEGIN such a project? I mean.... right now it feels
like I'm scratching at a wall with claws, not really making much
headway in removing the wall.

Does anyone know of people who have had success in converting concepts
expressed in English, into computer-parsable formats? And I'm talking
about concepts that aren't easily expressed in mathematics either ;)
Like someone who converted Darwin's theory of evolution into something
Prolog could parse.

To be honest, I don't even know what the correct question is.
basically I guess I'm wondering if anyone could help, would help, or
knows where I could get help, or even has just an idea on whether I
even need help or can just do most of it myself...

.