Re: CK blood test


"Bill" <xxx@xxxxx> wrote in message
news:Rckye.438$0w2.83@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>
> "Sharon Hope" <shope@xxxxxxxx> wrote in message
> news:wfWdnZYbd_P96VTfRVn-tQ@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>>
>> "Bill" <xxx@xxxxx> wrote in message
>> news:MZ7ye.153$LK5.85@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>>>
>>> "Sharon Hope" <shope@xxxxxxxx> wrote in message
>>> news:uuudndUjpebdUFXfRVn-2g@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>>>>
>>>> "Bill" <xxx@xxxxx> wrote in message
>>>> news:3N2ye.194$Xp6.75@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>>>>>
>>>>> "Sharon Hope" <shope@xxxxxxxx> wrote in message
>>>>> news:xJWdnd-d1M3hNFXfRVn-2g@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>>>>>>
>>>>>> "Bill" <xxx@xxxxx> wrote in message
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>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> "Sharon Hope" <shope@xxxxxxxx> wrote in message
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>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> "Robert" <Robertitsme@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote in message
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>>>>>>>>> http://jnnp.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/68/6/750
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>> http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/-415956920.htm
>>>>>>>>>
<snip>
>> The relevance is that you should ask an expert.
<snip>
>> Horses, not zebras. Obviously if the patient is taking a known myotoxic
>> and neurotoxic substance, that would be the first place to look.
>>
>
> What you said was the most likely cause was statins. You have yet to
> support that. For your statement to be true the number of false positives
> must be low. And you have yet to show that it is.

If a patient is being administered a known myotoxic drug and exhibits muscle
damage, suspect the myotoxic drug first.

Statins are proven to be myotoxic, per citations below.

If a patient is being administered a drug known to cause cognitive damage
and exhibits cognitive damage, suspect the cognitively damaging drug first.

Statins are proven to be cognitively damaging, per citations below.

If a patient is being administered a known neurotoxic drug and exhibits
neurological damage, suspect the neurotoxic drug first.

Statins are proven to be neurotoxic, per citations below.

Excerpts from the Statin Adverse Effects FAQ, regarding the three most
common adverse effects from Lipitor (aka Atorvastatin), Lescol (aka
fluvastatin), Mevacor (aka lovastatin), Pravachol (aka pravastatin), Zocor
(aka simvastatin), Crestor (aka rosuvastatin), or Baycol (aka cerivastatin).

Note that the full FAQ contains citations for studies that establish other
adverse effects in addition to muscle damage, cognitive damage and nerve
damage.
Full FAQ:
http://www.freewebs.com/stopped_our_statins/StatinFAQ_031305wTOCv4.pdf

Table of Contents of the FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions about Statin Adverse Effects
................................................. 3

Introduction........................................................................................................................
3

What are the names of the Statin
drugs?.........................................................................
4

What is the "Statin Study"?
.............................................................................................
4

Where can I look to find information on research studies of statin drugs?
..................... 5

Why does my physician have such a difficult time believing that my physical
problems

might be an adverse effect of Lipitor or one of the other statins?
................................... 5

OK, I understand the doctor's need to read clinical study results, but where
can I find

out what other people are experiencing in plain language, and maybe share my

experiences?...................................................................................................................
7

Are there any books on the
topic?...................................................................................
7

What are the Liptior warnings and side-effects listed by the manufacturer on
the

physicians'
information?.................................................................................................
8

What are the Lipitor Adverse Events in Placebo-Controlled Studies listed by
Pfizer

in the Physician's information?
...................................................................................
8

What are the Lipitor Averse Events reported in patients treated with Lipitor
in

clinical trials listed by Pfizer in the Physician's information?
.................................... 8

What are the Lipitor Adverse events associated with Lipitor therapy reported
since

market introduction, that are not listed above, listed by Pfizer in the
Physician's

information?................................................................................................................
9

REPORTING ADVERSE EFFECTS FROM STATINS
.................................................... 9

Where should I report adverse effects from
statins?....................................................... 9

Report to the
FDA.......................................................................................................
9

Report to the Statin Study
............................................................................................
9

OK, what should I take to my doctor?
...........................................................................
10

NERVE DAMAGE &
STATINS.....................................................................................
10

Frequently Asked Question: What medical research studies have been done on
Statins

and Nerve Damage that I can bring to my doctor's attention?
...................................... 10

MEMORY LOSS & STATINS
.........................................................................................
15

Frequently Asked Question: What medical research studies have been done on
Statins

and Memory Loss, or other mental problems that I can bring to my doctor's
attention?

.......................................................................................................................................
15

AMNESIA &
STATINS...................................................................................................
20

Frequently Asked Question: Amnesia is one of the Lipitor side effects
reported by

Pfizer on the Physician's Information, where can I find out more about
people who

have had amnesia episodes while taking the drug?
....................................................... 20

Lipitor, Thief of Memory, by Duane Graveline M.D.
................................................ 20

Australian Adverse Drug Reactions
Bulletin............................................................ 20

CHEST PAIN &
STATINS..............................................................................................
21

Frequently Asked Question: Chest pain, that my cardiologist cannot explain
via

angiogram, stress test, EEG or EKG, is one of the side-effects I see is
reported by

many people. Is there any information on chest pain associated with
statins?............. 21

STATINS & MITOCHONDRIAL
CYTOPATHY,......................................................... 23

COENZYME Q10 (UBIQUINONE) DEFICIENCY CAUSED BY STATINS.............. 23

Do statins cause a CoQ10
deficiency?..........................................................................
23

Merck Patent application stating that statins interfere with CoQ10 and that

deficiency causes
problems.......................................................................................
24

Introduction to the Citizen's petition to the
FDA...................................................... 24

CARNITINE DEFICIENCY CAUSED BY STATINS
.................................................... 29

Can statins cause carnitine
deficiency?.........................................................................
29

JOINT PAIN AND
STATINS..........................................................................................
29

Frequently Asked Question: Can statins have something to do with my joint
pain? ... 29

QUITTING
STATINS......................................................................................................
30

Frequently Asked Question: Can it be dangerous to just stop taking statins?
............... 30

STATIN BIRTH
DEFECTS.............................................................................................
30

Frequently Asked Question: Is statin intake during pregnancy dangerous for
unborn

children?.......................................................................................................................
30

VIOLENCE AND LOW CHOLESTEROL
...................................................................... 30

Frequently Asked Questions: Can it be the statins making me so irritable and
prone to

angry outbursts?
.............................................................................................................
30

IMMUNE SYSTEM AND
STATINS..............................................................................
31

Frequently Asked Question: Can statins depress my immune
system?........................ 31

Could a depressed immune system lead to infection?
................................................... 32

STATINS AND CANCER
................................................................................................
33

Frequently Asked Question: What are the cancer rates for people on
statins?............. 33

Women and
statins....................................................................................................
34

ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (ED) AND STATINS
....................................................... 36

Frequently Asked Question: Can statins interfere with my sex
life?............................ 36

LUPUS-LIKE SYMPTOMS AND STATINS
.................................................................. 38

Frequently Asked Question: Can statins cause Lupus
symptoms?............................... 38

MYOPATHY AND
STATINS.........................................................................................
40

Frequently Asked Question: Do statins cause muscle damage, muscle pain,
myopathy,

myositis, and muscle cell death (apoptosis) with or without elevated CK?
.................. 40

RHABDOMYOLYSIS AND STATINS
...........................................................................
64

Frequently Asked Question: Which statins cause deadly Rhabdomyolysis?
................ 64

STATINS AND LIVER OR KIDNEY
DAMAGE.......................................................... 78

Frequently Asked Question: Do statins damage liver or kidneys?
................................ 78

ELDERLY AND STATINS
..............................................................................................
80

Frequently Asked Question: Should people over 70 take
statins?................................ 80

IS THERE AN INDUSTRY BIAS IN STATIN
PUBLICATIONS?............................... 82

Why are most studies so positive about statins, and why are there relatively
so few

published that show problems? Do Medical Journals agree that there is bias
in drugindustry

funded medical
studies?..................................................................................
82



A small sampling below:

MYOPATHY AND STATINS

Frequently Asked Question: Do statins cause muscle damage,

muscle pain, myopathy, myositis, and muscle cell death

(apoptosis) with or without elevated CK?

1: Phillips PS.

Ezetimibe and statin-associated myopathy.

Ann Intern Med. 2004 Oct 19;141(8):649. No abstract available.

PMID: 15492351 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

2: Phillips PS, Phillips CT, Sullivan MJ, Naviaux RK, Haas RH.

Statin myotoxicity is associated with changes in the cardiopulmonary
function.

Atherosclerosis. 2004 Nov;177(1):183-8.

PMID: 15488882 [PubMed - in process]

3: Phillips PS, Haas RH, Bannykh S, Hathaway S, Gray NL, Kimura BJ, Vladutiu

GD, England JD; Scripps Mercy Clinical Research Center.

Statin-associated myopathy with normal creatine kinase levels.

Ann Intern Med. 2002 Oct 1;137(7):581-5.

PMID: 12353945 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

And more:

Search terms "STATIN + MYOPATHY":

1: Koller H, Neuhaus O, Schroeter M, Hartung HP.

[Myopathies under therapy with lipid-lowering agents.]

Nervenarzt. 2004 Dec 18; [Epub ahead of print] German.

PMID: 15609055 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

2: [No authors listed]

A warning about one statin at a high dose.

Heart Advis. 2004 Nov;7(11):2. No abstract available.

PMID: 15580669 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

3: Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Shatin D, Andrade SE, Schech SD, La Grenade L,
Gurwitz

JH, Chan KA, Goodman MJ, Platt R.

Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with

lipid-lowering drugs.

JAMA. 2004 Dec 1;292(21):2585-90. Epub 2004 Dec 1.

PMID: 15572716 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4: [No authors listed]

Safety of aggressive statin therapy.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2004 Nov 22;46(1196):93-5.

PMID: 15557874 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5: Anfossi G, Massucco P, Bonomo K, Trovati M.

Prescription of statins to dyslipidemic patients affected by liver diseases:
a

subtle balance between risks and benefits.

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2004 Aug;14(4):215-24.

PMID: 15553600 [PubMed - in process]

6: Hexeberg S, Retterstol K.

[Hypertriglyceridemia--diagnostics, risk and treatment]

Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Nov 4;124(21):2746-9. Review. Norwegian.

PMID: 15534665 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

7: Cheng JW.

Rosuvastatin in the management of hyperlipidemia.

Clin Ther. 2004 Sep;26(9):1368-87.

PMID: 15531000 [PubMed - in process]

8: Sniderman AD.

Is there value in liver function test and creatine phosphokinase monitoring

with statin use?

Am J Cardiol. 2004 Nov 4;94(9A):30F-34F. Review.

PMID: 15519289 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

9: Johnson TE, Zhang X, Bleicher KB, Dysart G, Loughlin AF, Schaefer WH,

Umbenhauer DR.

Statins induce apoptosis in rat and human myotube cultures by inhibiting

protein geranylgeranylation but not ubiquinone.

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Nov 1;200(3):237-50.

PMID: 15504460 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10: Davidson MH.

Rosuvastatin safety: lessons from the FDA review and post-approval

surveillance.

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2004 Nov;3(6):547-57.

PMID: 15500414 [PubMed - in process]

11: Phillips PS.

Ezetimibe and statin-associated myopathy.

Ann Intern Med. 2004 Oct 19;141(8):649. No abstract available.

PMID: 15492351 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12: Alsheikh-Ali AA, Kuvin JT, Karas RH.

Risk of adverse events with fibrates.

Am J Cardiol. 2004 Oct 1;94(7):935-8.

PMID: 15464682 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

13: Baker SK, Goodwin S, Sur M, Tarnopolsky MA.

Cytoskeletal myotoxicity from simvastatin and colchicine.

Muscle Nerve. 2004 Dec;30(6):799-802.

PMID: 15389652 [PubMed - in process]

14: de Lemos JA, Blazing MA, Wiviott SD, Lewis EF, Fox KA, White HD, Rouleau

JL, Pedersen TR, Gardner LH, Mukherjee R, Ramsey KE, Palmisano J, Bilheimer
DW,

Pfeffer MA, Califf RM, Braunwald E; A to Z Investigators.

Early intensive vs a delayed conservative simvastatin strategy in patients
with

acute coronary syndromes: phase Z of the A to Z trial.

JAMA. 2004 Sep 15;292(11):1307-16. Epub 2004 Aug 30.

PMID: 15337732 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

15: Krivosic-Horber R, Depret T, Wagner JM, Maurage CA.

Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility revealed by increased serum creatine

kinase concentrations during statin treatment.

Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2004 Jul;21(7):572-4. No abstract available.

PMID: 15318472 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16: Livingstone C, Al Riyami S, Wilkins P, Ferns GA.

McArdle's disease diagnosed following statin-induced myositis.

Ann Clin Biochem. 2004 Jul;41(Pt 4):338-40.

PMID: 15298748 [PubMed - in process]

17: Chang JT, Staffa JA, Parks M, Green L.

Rhabdomyolysis with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and gemfibrozil combination

therapy.

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2004 Jul;13(7):417-26.

PMID: 15269925 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

18: Carvalho AA, Lima UW, Valiente RA.

Statin and fibrate associated myopathy: study of eight patients.

Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Jun;62(2A):257-61. Epub 2004 Jun 23.

PMID: 15235728 [PubMed - in process]

19: Maggini M, Raschetti R, Traversa G, Bianchi C, Caffari B, Da Cas R,
Panei

P.

The cerivastatin withdrawal crisis: a "post-mortem" analysis.

Health Policy. 2004 Aug;69(2):151-7.

PMID: 15212862 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

20: Delgado-Lopez F, Bautista-Lorite J, Villamil-Fernandez F.

[Worsening for using statin in carnitine palmityol transferase deficiency

myopathy]

Rev Neurol. 2004 Jun 1-15;38(11):1095. Spanish. No abstract available.

PMID: 15202093 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

21: Takagi A, Shiio Y.

[Pravastatin-associated polymyositis, a case report]

Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2004 Jan;44(1):25-7. Japanese.

PMID: 15199734 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

22: Jamal SM, Eisenberg MJ, Christopoulos S.

Rhabdomyolysis associated with hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase

inhibitors.

Am Heart J. 2004 Jun;147(6):956-65. Review.

PMID: 15199341 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

23: Bellosta S, Paoletti R, Corsini A.

Safety of statins: focus on clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions.

Circulation. 2004 Jun 15;109(23 Suppl 1):III50-7. Review.

PMID: 15198967 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

24: Lado Lado FL, Rodriguez Moreno C, Cinza Sajurjo S, Duran Parrondo C,
Pazo

Nunez M, Lois Pernas A, Masa Vazquez L.

[Statin-induced rhabdomyolysis and renal failure: also with fluvastatine]

An Med Interna. 2004 May;21(5):235-7. Spanish.

PMID: 15176926 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

25: Guyton JR.

Extended-release niacin for modifying the lipoprotein profile.

Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004 Jun;5(6):1385-98. Review.

PMID: 15163282 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

26: Takagi S.

[Neurological complication due to the drug and the maneuver for the
treatment

and prevention of cerebrovascular diseases: iatrogenic neurology]

Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2003 Nov;43(11):877-9. Review. Japanese.

PMID: 15152491 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

27: Shepherd J.

A prospective study of pravastatin in the elderly at risk: new hope for
older

persons.

Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2004 May-Jun;13(3 Suppl 1):17-24. Review.

PMID: 15133425 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

28: Rando LP, Cording SA, Newnham HH.

Successful reintroduction of statin therapy after myositis: was there
another

cause?

Med J Aust. 2004 May 3;180(9):472-3. No abstract available.

PMID: 15115429 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

29: Fux R, Morike K, Gundel UF, Hartmann R, Gleiter CH.

Ezetimibe and statin-associated myopathy.

Ann Intern Med. 2004 Apr 20;140(8):671-2. No abstract available.

PMID: 15096354 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

30: Roten L, Schoenenberger RA, Krahenbuhl S, Schlienger RG.

Rhabdomyolysis in association with simvastatin and amiodarone.

Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Jun;38(6):978-81. Epub 2004 Apr 06.

PMID: 15069169 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

31: Fauchais AL, Iba Ba J, Maurage P, Kyndt X, Bataille D, Hachulla E,
Parent

D, Queyrel V, Lambert M, Michon Pasturel U, Hatron PY, Vanhille P, Devulder
B.

[Polymyositis induced or associated with lipid-lowering drugs: five cases]

Rev Med Interne. 2004 Apr;25(4):294-8. French.

PMID: 15050796 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

32: Scott LJ, Curran MP, Figgitt DP.

Rosuvastatin: a review of its use in the management of dyslipidemia.

Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2004;4(2):117-38. Review.

PMID: 15049723 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

33: Moosmann B, Behl C.

Selenoprotein synthesis and side-effects of statins.

Lancet. 2004 Mar 13;363(9412):892-4. Review.

PMID: 15031036 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

34: Sinzinger H, O'Grady J.

Professional athletes suffering from familial hypercholesterolaemia rarely

tolerate statin treatment because of muscular problems.

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Apr;57(4):525-8.

PMID: 15025753 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

35: Koumis T, Nathan JP, Rosenberg JM, Cicero LA.

Strategies for the prevention and treatment of statin-induced myopathy: is

there a role for ubiquinone supplementation?

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2004 Mar 1;61(5):515-9. Review. No abstract
available.

PMID: 15018231 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

36: Rosenson RS.

Current overview of statin-induced myopathy.

Am J Med. 2004 Mar 15;116(6):408-16. Review.

PMID: 15006590 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

37: Schaefer WH, Lawrence JW, Loughlin AF, Stoffregen DA, Mixson LA, Dean
DC,

Raab CE, Yu NX, Lankas GR, Frederick CB.

Evaluation of ubiquinone concentration and mitochondrial function relative
to

cerivastatin-induced skeletal myopathy in rats.

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 1;194(1):10-23.

PMID: 14728975 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

38: Andreou ER, Ledger S.

Potential drug interaction between simvastatin and danazol causing

rhabdomyolysis.

Can J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Winter;10(4):172-4.

PMID: 14712320 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

39: Jamil S, Iqbal P.

Rhabdomyolysis induced by a single dose of a statin.

Heart. 2004 Jan;90(1):e3.

PMID: 14676266 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

40: Riesco-Eizaguirre G, Arpa-Gutierrez FJ, Gutierrez M, Toribio E.

[Severe polymyositis with simvastatin use]

Rev Neurol. 2003 Nov 16-30;37(10):934-6. Spanish.

PMID: 14634922 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

41: Zeman M, Zak A, Vecka M, Romaniv S.

[Long-term hypolipidemic treatment of mixed hyperlipidemia with a
combination

of statins and fibrates]

Cas Lek Cesk. 2003 Aug;142(8):500-4. Czech.

PMID: 14626567 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

42: Wang TD, Chen WJ, Lin JW, Cheng CC, Chen MF, Lee YT.

Efficacy of fenofibrate and simvastatin on endothelial function and

inflammatory markers in patients with combined hyperlipidemia: relations
with

baseline lipid profiles.

Atherosclerosis. 2003 Oct;170(2):315-23.

PMID: 14612213 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

43: Foody JM, Krumholz HM.

Are statins indicated for the primary prevention of CAD in octogenarians?

antagonist viewpoint.

Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2003 Nov-Dec;12(6):357-60. Review.

PMID: 14610384 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

44: Shammas NW, Kapalis MJ, Deckert J, Harris M, Dippel EJ, Labroo A,
McKinney

D.

Effectiveness of statin-gemfibrozil combination therapy in patients with
mixed

hyperlipidemia: experience of a community lipid clinic and safety review
from

the literature.

Prev Cardiol. 2003 Fall;6(4):189-94.

PMID: 14605512 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

45: Pasternak R.

Ask the doctor. I am a 64-year-old woman with high cholesterol caused by bad

genes (familial hypercholesterolemia). Without medication, my cholesterol is

above 450 mg/dL. So I am taking high-dose Lipitor (80 mg/day), WelChol, and

Zetia to lower my cholesterol. I sometimes have pain and stiffness in my
knees,

and my shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints, plus the muscles in between, are
stiff

in the morning and hurt during the day. Two years ago I was diagnosed with

bursitis in my hips. Could these problems be from the Lipitor? If so, is
there

another statin I could take that wouldn't do this?

Harv Heart Lett. 2003 Oct;14(2):8. No abstract available.

PMID: 14576039 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

46: Corsini A.

The safety of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in special populations at high

cardiovascular risk.

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2003 May;17(3):265-85. Review.

PMID: 14574085 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

47: Johi RR, Mills R, Halsall PJ, Hopkins PM.

Anaesthetic management of coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with

central core disease and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia on statin

therapy.

Br J Anaesth. 2003 Nov;91(5):744-7.

PMID: 14570802 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

48: Newman CB, Palmer G, Silbershatz H, Szarek M.

Safety of atorvastatin derived from analysis of 44 completed trials in 9,416

patients.

Am J Cardiol. 2003 Sep 15;92(6):670-6.

PMID: 12972104 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

49: Wolszakiewicz J, Bilinska M, Wolkanin-Bartnik J, Piotrowicz R.

[Skeletal myopathy associated with concomitant use of statin and cyclosporin
in

a heart transplant patient - case report]

Kardiol Pol. 2002 Nov;57(11):446-7. Polish.

PMID: 12961006 [PubMed - in process]

50: Luh JY, Karnath BM.

Issues in statin-associated myopathy.

JAMA. 2003 Aug 20;290(7):888; author reply 888-9. No abstract available.

PMID: 12928463 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

51: Hyman MH.

Issues in statin-associated myopathy.

JAMA. 2003 Aug 20;290(7):888; author reply 888-9. No abstract available.

PMID: 12928462 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

52: Kiortsis DN, Nikas S, Hatzidimou K, Tsianos E, Elisaf MS.

Lipid-lowering drugs and serum liver enzymes: the effects of body weight and

baseline enzyme levels.

Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Aug;17(4):491-4.

PMID: 12914553 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

53: [No authors listed]

Statins: new data in secondary prevention and diabetes. Pravastatin and

simvastatin are the best-assessed statins.

Prescrire Int. 2003 Aug;12(66):143-8.

PMID: 12908497 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

54: Muller T.

[Statin-induced Parkinson's-syndrome. Reader's letter on the article by J.

Finsterer in "Der Nervenarzt" (2003) 74:115-122]

Nervenarzt. 2003 Aug;74(8):726-7. Epub 2003 May 10. German. No abstract

available.

PMID: 12904874 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

55: Bannwarth B.

Drug-induced myopathies.

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2002 May;1(1):65-70. Review.

PMID: 12904161 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

56: Davidson MH.

Controversy surrounding the safety of cerivastatin.

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2002 Sep;1(3):207-12. Review.

PMID: 12904136 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

57: Jacobson TA.

Combination lipid-lowering therapy with statins: safety issues in the

postcerivastatin era.

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2003 May;2(3):269-86. Review.

PMID: 12904106 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

58: Ito MK.

Advances in the understanding and management of dyslipidemia: using

niacin-based therapies.

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2003 Jul 1;60(13 Suppl 2):S15-21; quiz S25.

PMID: 12901026 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

59: Clotet B, Negredo E.

HIV protease inhibitors and dyslipidemia.

AIDS Rev. 2003 Jan-Mar;5(1):19-24. Review.

PMID: 12875104 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

60: Arenas J, Martin MA.

[Metabolic intolerance to exercise]

Neurologia. 2003 Jul-Aug;18(6):291-302. Review. Spanish.

PMID: 12838448 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

61: Andrejak M, Gras V, Massy ZA, Caron J.

[Adverse effects of statins]

Therapie. 2003 Jan-Feb;58(1):77-83. Review. French.

[**************NOTE: The myopathy due to statins is established in so many
studies that the reader may want to simply visit the FAQ at

http://www.freewebs.com/stopped_our_statins/StatinFAQ_031305wTOCv4.pdf



I have arbitrarily left off here, but this is merely page 48 of 86 in the
FAQ, with the remaining pages to page 64 all dealing with statin muscle
damage.***********]



MEMORY LOSS & STATINS

Frequently Asked Question: What medical research studies have

been done on Statins and Memory Loss, or other mental

problems that I can bring to my doctor's attention?

(Statins: Lipitor, Mevacor, Pravachol, Zocor, Lescol, and Baycol, aka
atorvastatin,

cerivastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin; Nerve
Damage:

Neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, polyneuropathy; See separate FAQ for
memory loss,

cognitive damage, amnesia and aphasia, i.e., central nervous system (CNS)
damage)

Am J Med. 2004 Dec 1;117(11):823-9.

Randomized trial of the effects of simvastatin on cognitive functioning in

hypercholesterolemic adults.

Muldoon MF, Ryan CM, Sereika SM, Flory JD, Manuck SB.

Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
15260, USA.

mfm10@xxxxxxxx

"This study provides partial support for minor decrements in cognitive
functioning with

statins. Whether such effects have any long-term sequelae or occur with
other

cholesterol-lowering interventions is not known." This is the second of two
studies by

Muldoon, both showing measurable cognitive decline in statin groups after
only 6

months, using Neuropsych testing. Further, the cognitive deficits appear
consistently in

specific areas.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

act&list_uids=15589485

Golomb BA, Yang E, Denenberg J, Criqui M (2003),

Statin-associated adverse events. P95. Presented at the 43rd Annual
Conference on

Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention. Miami; March 5-8.

Muldoon MF, Ryan CM, Flory JD, Manuck SB (2002),

Effects of simvastatin on cognitive functioning.

Presented at the American Heart Association Scientific

Sessions. Chicago; Nov. 17-20.

Muldoon MF, Barger SD, Ryan CM, Flory JD, Lehoczky JP, Matthews KA, Manuck
SB.

Effects of lovastatin on cognitive function and psychological well-being.

After 6 months, 100% of the patients on placeboes showed a measurable
increase in

cognitive function, and 100% of the statin patients showed a measurable
decrease in

cognitive function.

Am J Med. 2000 May;108(7):538-46.

PMID: 10806282 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

0806282&dopt=Abstract

Cognitive impairment associated with atorvastatin and simvastatin.

King DS, Wilburn AJ, Wofford MR, Harrell TK, Lindley BJ, Jones DW.

Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson,
Mississippi

39216, USA. dking@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Pharmacotherapy. 2003 Dec;23(12):1663-7.

"we report two women who experienced significant cognitive impairment
temporally

related to statin therapy. One woman took atorvastatin, and the other first
took

atorvastatin, then was rechallenged with simvastatin. Clinicians should be
aware of

cognitive impairment and dementia as potential adverse effects associated
with statin

therapy." PMID: 14695047

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

act&list_uids=14695047

Cognitive impairment associated with atorvastatin.

King DS, Jones DW, Wofford MR et al. (2001), Presented at the American
College of

Clinical Pharmacy Spring Practice and Research Forum. Salt Lake City; April
22-25.

Australian Adverse Drug Reactions Bulletin (Australia's equivalent to the
FDA)

Volume 17, Number 3, August 1998, section 3, page 3

Simvastatn is listed under "DRUGS THAT MAKE YOU FORGET"

Recognizing the 14 reports of Amnesia under that drug, .8% of the total
adverse effects

for that drug.

www.health.gov.au/tga/docs/pdf/aadrbltn/aadr9808.pdf

Statin-associated memory loss: analysis of 60 case reports and review of the

literature.

Wagstaff LR, Mitton MW, Arvik BM, Doraiswamy PM.

Drug Information Service, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North
Carolina

27710, USA. Pharmacotherapy. 2003 Jul;23(7):871-80.

This study searched the MedWatch drug surveillance system of the Food and
Drug

Administration (FDA) from November 1997-February 2002 for reports of
statinassociated

memory loss. They also reviewed the published literature. References from

the study are good for follow-up research.

Abstract:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

2885101&dopt=Abstract

Full Study Text free on Medscape:

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/458867

The Role of Lipid-Lowering Drugs in Cognitive Function: A Meta-Analysis of

Observational Studies

from Pharmacotherapy

Posted 06/30/2003

Mahyar Etminan, Pharm.D., Sudeep Gill, M.D., FRCPC, Ali Samii, M.D., FRCPC

Although this study does bring the cognitive issues to light, it is a very
poor study. The

authors left out the pivotal study by Dr. Muldoon, that showed nearly 100%
of statin

users had a measurable loss of cognitive ability after 6 months, while 100%
of the

placebo group improved their scores.

Abstract:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

2820814&dopt=Abstract

Full Study Text free on Medscape:

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/456866

Simvastatin-Associated Memory Loss

Amanda Orsi, Pharm.D., Olga Sherman, Pharm.D., and Zegga Woldeselassie,
Pharm.D.,

Abstract: The statins are widely used to treat dyslipidemias. They are
generally

associated with mild adverse effects, but rarely, more serious reactions may
occur. A 51-

year-old man experienced delayed-onset, progressive memory loss while
receiving

simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. His therapy was switched to
pravastatin, and

memory loss resolved gradually over the next month, with no recurrence of
the adverse

effect.

from Pharmacotherapy

Posted 06/01/2001

Page 1 of 3:

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/409738?WebLogicSession=PXke2H8h99pyNVS

CajAh5clptzOAHJSZuNBobSwWmi9veWjdJ2A3%7C-

1468812056489609316/184161392/6/7001/7001/7002/7002/7001/-1

full printable version: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/409738_print

ADR of the Month

September 2001 Vol. 6 No. 9

EDITORS

Michelle W. McCarthy, Pharm.D.

Anne E. Hendrick, Pharm.D.

University of Virginia Health System

Department of Pharmacy Services

Drug Information Center

PO Box 800674

Charlottesville, VA 22908-0674

http://hsc.virginia.edu/pharmacyservices/

Newsletters/ADR%20of%20the%20Month/ADRMonth%209-01htm.html

The Tablet, a general member benefit published by the British Columbia
Pharmacy

Association, September 2001, Volume 10 no 8.

Excerpt:

Do HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors impair memory? After taking simvastatin for
a

year, a 51-year-old patient developed short term memory loss, to the extent
of being

unable to complete his sentences because he would forget what he was going
to say. The

drug was discontinued, replaced by pravastatin, and within one month his
memory

returned.14 In a separate case, a 67-year-old woman developed impaired
short-term

memory, altered mood, social impairment, cognitive impairment and dementia
after one

year of atorvastatin therapy. When atorvastatin was discontinued, her
memory, mood and

cognition improved completely.15 Memory impairment in a patient receiving
atorvastatin

has been reported to the BC Regional ADR Centre.

REFERENCES:

14. Orsi A, Sherman O, Woldeselassie Z. Simvastatin-associated memory loss.

15. King DS, Jones DW, Wofford MR et al. First report of cognitive
impairment in an

elderly patient: case report. Pharmacotherapy 2001 Mar; 21: 371.

http://www.bcpharmacy.ca/publications/thetablet/pdf_version/BCPhA_Tablet-

Sep2001.pdf

See page 11 of 16:

See also:

Statins and risk of polyneuropathy, A case-control study

D. Gaist, MD, PhD; U. Jeppesen, MD, PhD; M. Andersen, MD, PhD; L.A. García

Rodríguez, MD, MSc;

J. Hallas, MD, PhD; and S.H. Sindrup, MD, PhD

http://213.4.18.135/87.pdf full text

Preclinical safety evaluation of cerivastatin, a novel HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitor.

von Keutz E, Schluter G.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9

737641&dopt=Abstract

Institute of Toxicology, PH-Product Development, Bayer AG, Wuppertal,
Germany

Am J Cardiol. 1998 Aug 27;82(4B):11J-17J.

PMID: 9737641

"In dogs, the species most sensitive to statins, cerivastatin caused
erosions and

hemorrhages in the gastrointestinal tract, bleeding in the brain stem with
fibroid

degeneration of vessel walls in the choroid plexus, and lens opacity."

Subchronic toxicity of atorvastatin, a hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A
reductase

inhibitor, in beagle dogs.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8

864188&dopt=Abstract

Walsh KM, Albassam MA, Clarke DE.

Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann

Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.

"The toxicity of atorvastatin (AT), an inhibitor of
hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A

reductase (HMG), was evaluated in beagle dogs. hemorrhage in gallbladder and
brain,

demyelination of optic nerve, and skeletal muscle necrosis"

Finally, on memory loss and statins: Sworn testimony from the Baycol trial
in Corpus

Christi, Texas. From the transcript of the AM Session on 03-05-03, in the
case Hollis

Haltom Vs. Bayer Corporation. Testifying under oath,., in response to the
plaintiff's

attorney's question, "What is your current position at Bayer?", LAWRENCE
POSNER,

M.D of BAYER stated: "I'm the -- currently I'm the head of worldwide
regulatory affairs

for our prescription drug business, which means I have responsibility in
somewhere

between 60 and 100 countries where we sell products for registrations,
compliance,

things of that nature." Excerpts from the trial transcript follow, with the
Q indicating

counsel's Question, and the A indicating Dr. Posner's Answer:

Q. So there are some concerns addressed here back in 1995 about testing up
to .8. And do

you know what the nature of the concern was?

A. Yes. It was related to a side effect that occurred in the brain.

Q. Of what kind of animal?

A. It occurred in the brain of dogs.

Q. Okay. So there was a side effect that occurred in dogs, and then there
was a concern

about whether you wanted to go forward and test at this higher dose level in
human

beings, given what you had learned about the dogs, right?

A. That's correct.

Q. Okay. Now, did you just say, well, let's forget about these concerns and
we'll go ahead

and put .8 on the market anyway, or did you do some further analysis that
was not

mentioned the other day?

A. Yes. The authors of this had -- they had two concerns. One concern was
the toxicity

that they found in the brain of dogs. But the other was that they had no way
to identify

this and who might be at risk before it happened. So there was no way to
detect that

someone was at risk for this side effect.

[skip some testimony on other topics]

Q. Do you remember in one kind of animal there had been some studies done
that there

could be a particular kind of problem with one kind of animal?

A. Oh, yeah. Yes, from the -- that's correct, from the toxicology studies.

Q. Okay. And were you able to demonstrate to your own satisfaction, to
SmithKline's

satisfaction, to the FDA's satisfaction, that that particular problem that
showed up with

that kind of animal is not something that happens in human beings?

A. Yes. We did it -- we did it by explaining the toxicology data. We also
explained it on

the basis of kinetic data. That actually at the higher levels of drug, what
happens is a

certain amount of drug is bound to proteins in the body that circulate; and
therefore, is

not -- cannot cause side effects. And actually, a much smaller proportion of
the drug is

free. And that what you corrected for that, you actually found out that the
margins of

safety were in fact greater than you would predict just from the animal
data.

Q. And as you move forward then and got approval and sold Baycol from 1997
through

2001, did that problem that had shown up with that one kind of animal ever
become a

problem with human beings?

A. It was actually shown with other statins as well. It wasn't unique to
cerivastatin. It was

a problem -- it was identified early on with lovastatin and some of the
others. In fact, for

none of the statins did it ever predict for any clinical problem or
toxicity.

Q. So these animals would have that same problem regardless of which
statin -- or at

least with other statins?

A. Certainly with lovastatin it was true.

Q. But when it came time to human beings, that just wasn't something that
happened to

human beings?

A. And I think today no one pays much attention to it.

AMNESIA & STATINS

Frequently Asked Question: Amnesia is one of the Lipitor side

effects reported by Pfizer on the Physician's Information, where

can I find out more about people who have had amnesia

episodes while taking the drug?

Lipitor, Thief of Memory, by Duane Graveline M.D.

Dr. Graveline, retired family MD, USAF Flight Surgeon, researcher in space
medicine

and US Astronaut, who suffered adverse effects from Lipitor, maintains
several websites

and is working on a second book about statin adverse effects, including
statin-related

memory loss and amnesia at:

www.spacedoc.net (you can start here and read about his life and his books)

http://www.spacedoc.net/lipitor_thief_of_memory.html

http://www.spacedoc.net/lipitor.htm

http://www.spacedoc.net/statin_dialogues.htm

Australian Adverse Drug Reactions Bulletin (Australia's equivalent to the

FDA)

Volume 17, Number 3, August 1998, section 3, page 3

Simvastatn is listed under "DRUGS THAT MAKE YOU FORGET"

Recognizing the 14 reports of Amnesia under that drug, .8% of the total
adverse effects

for that drug.

www.health.gov.au/tga/docs/pdf/aadrbltn/aadr9808.pdf



NERVE DAMAGE & STATINS

Frequently Asked Question: What medical research studies have

been done on Statins and Nerve Damage that I can bring to my

doctor's attention?

Golomb BA, Yang E, Denenberg J, Criqui M (2003),

Statin-associated adverse events. P95. Presented at the 43rd Annual
Conference on

Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention. Miami; March 5-8.

Chong PH, Boskovich A, Stevkovic N, Bartt RE.

Statin-associated peripheral neuropathy: review of the literature.

Pharmacotherapy. 2004 Sep;24(9):1194-203. Review.

PMID: 15460180 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

act&list_uids=15460180

"Based on epidemiologic studies as well as case reports, a risk of
peripheral neuropathy

associated with statin use may exist; however, the risk appears to be
minimal. On the

other hand, the benefits of statins are firmly established. These findings
should alert

prescribers to a potential risk of peripheral neuropathy in patients
receiving any of the

statins; that is, statins should be considered the cause of peripheral
neuropathy when

other etiologies have been excluded."

Rajabally YA, Varakantam V, Abbott RJ.


Disorder resembling Guillain-Barre syndrome on initiation of statin therapy.

Muscle Nerve. 2004 Nov;30(5):663-6.

PMID: 15389662 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

act&list_uids=15389662

"We report a disorder resembling Guillain-Barre syndrome, occurring on
initiation of

simvastatin, in a 58-year-old man, who had experienced a similar but milder
episode after

starting pravastatin 6 months earlier. This case suggests that acute

polyradiculoneuropathy may represent a rare but serious side-effect of
statin treatment. It

also raises the issue of the pathophysiology of acute neuropathy on statin
exposure, with

a hypersensitivity reaction resulting in an immune-mediated process being
possible

instead of the hypothesized mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic cases."

Scola RH, Trentin AP, Germiniani FM, Piovesan EJ, Werneck LC.

Simvastatin-induced mononeuropathy multiplex: case report.

Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2004 Jun;62(2B):540-2. Epub 2004 Jul 20.

PMID: 15273860 [PubMed - in process]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

act&list_uids=15273860

"The association between the use of statins and neuromuscular disease is
currently being

intensely discussed. We relate a 63 years old man with possible case of
statin-induced

neuropathy in a patient with dislipidemia in use of simvastatina at high
doses. The

electrophysiologic studies disclosed findings compatible with mononeuropathy
multiplex,

suggested by clinical prescutation of asymmetrical numbness and weakness.
More

common causes of mononeuropathy multiplex were excluded and the patient
improved

after the discontinuation of the drug."

Statins and risk of polyneuropathy, A case-control study

D. Gaist, MD, PhD; U. Jeppesen, MD, PhD; M. Andersen, MD, PhD; L.A. García

Rodríguez, MD, MSc;

J. Hallas, MD, PhD; and S.H. Sindrup, MD, PhD

http://213.4.18.135/87.pdf full text

>From the abstract: "The authors verified a diagnosis of idiopathic
polyneuropathy in 166

cases. The cases were classified as definite (35), probable (54), or
possible (77). The odds

ratio linking idiopathic polyneuropathy with statin use was 3.7 (95% CI 1.8
to 7.6) for all

cases and 14.2 (5.3 to 38.0) for definite cases. The corresponding odds
ratios in current

users were 4.6 (2.1 to 10.0) for all cases and 16.1 (5.7 to 45.4) for
definite cases. For

patients treated with statins for 2 or more years the odds ratio of definite
idiopathic

polyneuropathy was 26.4 (7.8 to 45.4). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to
statins

may substantially increase the risk of polyneuropathy."

Are users of lipid-lowering drugs at increased risk of peripheral
neuropathy?

David Gaist, Luis Alberto García Rodríguez . Consuelo Huerta . Jesper
Hallas . Søren H.

Sindrup

http://213.4.18.135/75.pdf full text

http://213.4.18.135/76.2.pdf full text

http://213.4.18.135/87.pdf full text text

Pharmacodynamics: Statins and peripheral neuropathy

U. Jeppesen (2), D. Gaist (1)(2), T. Smith (1), S. H. Sindrup (1)(2)

(1) Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense C,

Denmark Tel.: +45-6541-2474, Fax: +45-6541-3389

(2) Department of Clinical Pharmacology Odense University, Odense, Denmark

Received: 6 July 1998 / Accepted in revised form: 1 October 1998

Abstract Volume 54 Issue 11 (1999) pp 835-838

http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00228/bibs/9054011/90540835.htm

Association of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors with neuropathy.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

2549960&dopt=Abstract

Ann Pharmacother. 2003 Feb;37(2):274-8.

Backes JM, Howard PA.

Department of Pharmacy Practice and Lipid, Atherosclerosis, Metabolic and
LDLApheresis

Clinic, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160-7231,

USA. jbackes@xxxxxxxx

"Epidemiologic studies and case reports suggest an increased risk of
peripheral

neuropathy with statin drugs. The majority of cases were at least partially
reversible

with drug cessation." (emphasis added)

Moosmann B, Behl C.

Selenoprotein synthesis and side-effects of statins.

Lancet. 2004 Mar 13;363(9412):892-4. Review.

PMID: 15031036 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstr

act&list_uids=15031036

"We noted that the pattern of side-effects associated with statins resembles
the pathology

of selenium deficiency, and postulated that the mechanism lay in a well
established, but

often overlooked, biochemical pathway--the isopentenylation of
selenocysteinetRNA([

Ser]Sec). A negative effect of statins on selenoprotein synthesis does seem
to

explain many of the enigmatic effects and side-effects of statins, in
particular, statininduced

myopathy."

Statin therapy and small fibre neuropathy: a serial electrophysiological
study.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

2639733&dopt=Abstract

Lo YL, Leoh TH, Loh LM, Tan CE.

J Neurol Sci. 2003 Apr 15;208(1-2):105-8.

Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore.

gnrlyl@xxxxxxxxxx


Describes 3 patients who developed neuropathy after ONE MONTH of statin
therapy.

"One patient redeveloped small and large fibre neuropathy when the similar
drug was

readministered."

Peripheral Neuropathy and Lipid-Lowering Therapy

Paul E. Ziajka, MD, PhD, and Tammy Wehmeier, RN, Orlando, Fla.

Abstract: We report a case of peripheral neuropathy induced and excerbated
by several

commonly used HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors including lovastatin,
simvastatin,

pravastatin, and atorvastatin, and the vitamin niacin. A review of the
literature shows

similar cases with individual lipid-lowering drugs, but this case shows the
cross-reactivity

of the neuropathic process to different HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, and is
the first

reported case of a peripheral neuropathy exacerbated by the use of niacin.

http://www.sma.org/smj1998/julysmj98/ziajka.pdf

Phan T, McLeod JG, Pollard JD, Peiris O, Rohan A, Halpern JP.

Peripheral neuropathy associated with simvastatin.

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 May;58(5):625-8.

PMID: 7745415 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7

745415&dopt=Abstract

Ahmad S.

Lovastatin and peripheral neuropathy.

Am Heart J. 1995 Dec;130(6):1321. No abstract available.

PMID: 7484806 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7

484806&dopt=Abstract

Jacobs MB.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy and peripheral neuropathy.

Ann Intern Med. 1994 Jun 1;120(11):970. No abstract available.

PMID: 8172444 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8

172444&dopt=Abstract

Medication-induced peripheral neuropathy.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

2507417&dopt=Abstract

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2003 Jan;3(1):86-92. Review.

Weimer LH.

Neurological Institute of New York, 710 West 168th Street, Unit 55, New
York, NY

10032, USA. Lhw1@xxxxxxxxxxxx

PMID: 12507417 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

"Although most cases demonstrate acute or subacute onset after exposure,
recent

experiences with statin drugs raise the possibility of occult toxic causes
of chronic

idiopathic neuropathy."

Le Quesne PM. Neuropathy due to drugs. In: Dyck PJ, Thomas PK, Griffin JW,
et al,

eds. Peripheral neuropathy. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1993:1571-1581.

(Book, no link)

Of interest:

MacDonald BK, Cockerell OC, Sander WAS, Shorvon SD (2000) The incidence and

lifetime prevalence of neurological disorders in a prospective
community-based

study in the UK. Brain

123:665-676

General background medical Info from

Related, but also will appear in other FAQs:

Neuromuscular Disease Center

Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO

Home: http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/index.html

Under Disorders & Syndromes:

Select:

Myopathy: http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/maltbrain.html

Neuropathy: http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/naltbrain.html

Neuromuscular: http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/syaltbrain.html

CNS (Central Nervous System):

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/syaltbrain.html#cns

Specifics,

MYOGLOBINURIA - RHABDOMYOLYSIS

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/msys/myoglob.html

Then see Lipid Lowering Agent Myopathies

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/msys/myoglob.html#lipid

Note that this connects to CARDIAC + MYOPATHY

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/msys/cardiac.html

And to TOXIC NEUROPATHIES:

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/nother/toxic.htm#statin

OR Locally supplied Search on "Statin" leads to:

TOXIC MYOPATHIES

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/mother/myotox.htm

Note also tht under Mitochondrial Disorders, the list of problems associated
with

Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency

http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/msys/myoglob.html#coq10

MITOCHONDRIAL MYOPATHIES

Facts About Mitochondrial Myopathies from the Muscular Dystrophy Association

http://www.mdausa.org/publications/mitochondrial_myopathies.html#whatcauses


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