high fat low carb diet protects against alzheimers

http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/

A ketogenic diet reduces amyloid beta 40 and 42 in a mouse model of
Alzheimer's disease
Ingrid Van der Auwera , Stefaan Wera , Fred Van Leuven and Samuel T
Henderson

Nutrition & Metabolism 2005, 2:28 doi:10.1186/1743-7075-2-28

Published 17 October 2005

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder
that primarily strikes the elderly. Studies in both humans and animal
models have linked the consumption of cholesterol and saturated fats
with amyloid-beta (Abeta) deposition and development of AD. Yet, these
studies did not examine high fat diets in combination with reduced
carbohydrate intake. Here we tested the effect of a high saturated fat
/ low carbohydrate diet on a transgenic mouse model of AD.

Results

Starting at three months of age, two groups of female transgenic mice
carrying the "London" APP mutation (APP/V717I) were fed either, a
standard diet (SD) composed of high carbohydrate / low fat chow, or a
ketogenic diet (KD) composed of very low carbohydrate / high saturated
fat chow for 43 days. Animals fed the KD exhibited greatly elevated
serum ketone body levels, as measured by beta-hydroxybutyrate (3.85 +
2.6 mM), compared to SD fed animals (0.29 + 0.06 mM). In addition,
animals fed the KD lost body weight (SD 22.2 + 0.6 g vs. KD 17.5 + 1.4
g, p=0.0067). In contrast to earlier studies, the brief KD feeding
regime significantly reduced total brain Abeta levels by approximately
25%. Despite changes in ketone levels, body weight, and Abeta levels,
the KD diet did not alter behavioral measures.

Conclusions

Previous studies have suggested that diets rich in cholesterol and
saturated fats increased the deposition of Abeta and the risk of
developing AD. Here we demonstrate that a diet rich in saturated fats
and low in carbohydrates can actually reduce levels of Abeta.
Therefore, dietary strategies aimed at reducing Abeta levels should
take into account interactions of dietary components and the metabolic
outcomes, in particular, levels of carbohydrates, total calories, and
presence of ketone bodies should be considered.

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