High bread consumption is associated with increased risk of renal cell carcinoma


"Our results confirm that diet may play a role on the risk of RCC, and
in particular, a moderate cereal and high vegetable consumption may have
a favorable effect on this neoplasm," the authors conclude.

"A significant direct association was observed for bread consumption
(OR=1.94) for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of intake,"
the researchers report. Those who consumed more bread had a higher RCC
risk. A modest non-significant risk increase was also observed for pasta
and rice (OR=1.29). By contrast, decreasing risk was associated with
increasing intake of poultry, processed meat, and all vegetables, both
raw and cooked.
The association between elevated cereal intake (bread, pasta and rice)
"may be due to the high glycemic index of these foods and their possible
involvement in insulin-like growth factors," the researchers suggest.
The inverse relationship between vegetable consumption is consistent
with previous studies and may be related to their content of vitamins,
micronutrients or elements such as carotenoids, flavonoids and
phytosterols.

Whole article below.


.................................

Public release date: 20-Oct-2006

Contact: David Greenberg
dgreenbe@xxxxxxxxx
201-748-6484
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
High bread consumption is associated with increased risk of renal cell
carcinoma

A case-control study of more than 2300 Italians has found a significant
association between high bread consumption and renal cell carcinoma.
Eating a lot of pasta and rice may also raise the risk, while eating
many vegetables may lower the risk. The study published online October
20, 2006 in the International Journal of Cancer, the official journal of
the International Union Against Cancer (UICC), and is available via
Wiley InterScience at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/journal/ijc.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, and
accounts for 2 percent of all adult cancers. Previous studies have shown
that diet plays a role in RCC risk, but attempts to discern which foods
have harmful or beneficial effects have been inconclusive. To discern
the relationship between specific foods and RCC risk, researchers led by
Francesca Bravi of the Institute of Pharmacological Research "Mario
Negri" in Milan, conducted a large case-control study of 2301 Italians.
Between 1992 and 2004, the researchers enrolled 767 adults diagnosed
with RCC and 1534 controls who did not have the disease. Two controls
were matched to each case by gender, age range, and location. The
researchers collected sociodemographic information, anthropomorphic
measures, lifestyle habits and personal and family medical history from
each participant. They also administered a 78-item food frequency
questionnaire which asked about the average weekly consumption for each
item over the previous two years. They then performed statistical
analyses to discover odds ratios (OR) with a 95 percent confidence
interval.
"A significant direct association was observed for bread consumption
(OR=1.94) for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of intake,"
the researchers report. Those who consumed more bread had a higher RCC
risk. A modest non-significant risk increase was also observed for pasta
and rice (OR=1.29). By contrast, decreasing risk was associated with
increasing intake of poultry, processed meat, and all vegetables, both
raw and cooked.
The association between elevated cereal intake (bread, pasta and rice)
"may be due to the high glycemic index of these foods and their possible
involvement in insulin-like growth factors," the researchers suggest.
The inverse relationship between vegetable consumption is consistent
with previous studies and may be related to their content of vitamins,
micronutrients or elements such as carotenoids, flavonoids and
phytosterols.
While the study was limited by the fact that the interviewers who
gathered each participant's information and administered the food
questionnaire were not blind to case-control status, its strengths
include the large sample size and the reproducibility and validity of
diet information.
"Our results confirm that diet may play a role on the risk of RCC, and
in particular, a moderate cereal and high vegetable consumption may have
a favorable effect on this neoplasm," the authors conclude.

###
Article: "Food Groups and Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study
from Italy," Francesca Bravi, Cristina Bosetti, Lorenza Scotti, Renato
Talamini, Maurizio Montella, Valerio Ramazzotti, Eva Negri, Silvia
Franceschi, and Carlo La Vecchia, International Journal of Cancer;
Published Online: October 20, 2006 (DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22225).
About the International Journal of Cancer
The International Journal of Cancer, the Official Journal of the
International Union Against Cancer (UICC), has long been established as
a leading publication for original papers and review articles on the
spectrum of topics germane to experimental and clinical cancer research.
The International Journal of Cancer concentrates on the fundamental
studies that have relevance to the understanding and effective treatment
of human cancer. This resource is distinctive for publishing
epidemiological studies from all over the world.
The International Journal of Cancer is published 30 issues per year and
is available in print through John Wiley & Sons, Inc. at www.wiley.com
and online at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/journal/ijc. For further
information, please contact Prof. Harald zur Hausen, Editor-in-Chief,
International Journal of Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany, Tel. +49 6221 424
800.




 

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