Re: Implants Price?
From: Alexander Vasserman DDS., BS. (purple543210_at_yahoo.ca)
Date: 07/12/04
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Date: 11 Jul 2004 23:52:33 -0700
"Joel M. Eichen, D.D.S." <joeleichen@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<8f22f01q0o0lch9j2t5sksepba6sbp33ff@4ax.com>...
> On 10 Jul 2004 23:35:19 -0700, purple543210@yahoo.ca (Alexander
> Vasserman DDS., BS.) wrote:
>
> >"Joel M. Eichen, D.D.S." <joeleichen@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<1lsse0lhan3k8nfl5an0p2ginub9gmtinn@4ax.com>...
> >> On 8 Jul 2004 22:38:38 -0700, purple543210@yahoo.ca (Alexander
> >> Vasserman DDS., BS.) wrote:
> >>
> >> >"Joel M. Eichen, D.D.S."
> >> >
> >> >Something is missing here.
> >> >Before the MS-DOS we had the PC-DOS this one was not written by microsoft.
> >>
> >> PC-DOS was the IBM version? Gosh I miss those days!
> >>
> >> JOEL
> >>
> >> (I still have a TRASH-80 (TRS-80) in storage!
> >
> >
> >I still have a "Timex St Clair 2K" in storage. I wonder if it is worth
> >anything as a collectable?
>
> Is that the one that uses the TV as a monitor? If so, that's the one I
> got in storage too.
>
> 2K machines! Plus a tape drive.
YEP.
I wonder if anyone collects these things?
>
>
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >>
> >>
> >> **
> >>
> >> Development of MS-DOS and PC-DOS began in October 1980, when IBM began
> >> searching the market for an operating system for the
> >> yet-to-be-introduced IBM PC.
> >>
> >> IBM had originally intended to use Digital Research's (actually, they
> >> had the somewhat pretentious name of "Intergalactic Digital Research"
> >> at the time) CP/M was then the industry standard operating system -
> >> you either ran a BASIC with disk functions, someone's proprietary OS,
> >> or CP/M.
> >>
> >> Folklore reports various stories about the rift between DRI and IBM.
> >> The most popular story claims Gary Kildall or DRI snubbed the IBM
> >> executives by flying his airplane when the meeting was scheduled.
> >> Another story claims Kildall didn't want to release the source for
> >> CP/M to IBM, which would be odd, since they released it to other
> >> companies. One noted industry pundit claims Kildall's wife killed the
> >> deal by insisting on various contract changes. I suspect the deal was
> >> killed by the good ol' boy network. It's hard to imagine a couple of
> >> junior IBM executives giving up when ordered to a task as simple as
> >> licensing an operating system from a vendor. It wouldn't look good on
> >> their performance reports. It would be interesting to hear IBM's
> >> story...
> >>
> >> IBM then talked to a small company called Microsoft. Microsoft was a
> >> language vendor. Bill Gates and Paul Allen had written Microsoft BASIC
> >> and were selling it on punched tape or disk to early PC hobbyists,
> >> which was probably a step up from the company's original name and goal
> >> - they were Traf-O-Data before, making car counters for highway
> >> departments.
> >>
> >> Microsoft had no 8086 real operating system to sell, but quickly made
> >> a deal to license Seattle Computer Products' 86-DOS operating system,
> >> which had been written by Tim Paterson earlier in 1980 for use on that
> >> company's line of 8086, S100 bus micros. 86-DOS (also called QDOS, for
> >> Quick and Dirty Operating System) had been written as more or less a
> >> 16-bit version of CP/M, since Digital Research was showing no hurry in
> >> introducing CP/M-86. Paterson's DOS 1.0 was approximately 4000 lines
> >> of assembler source.
> >>
> >> This code was quickly polished up and presented to IBM for evaluation.
> >> IBM found itself left with Microsoft's offering of "Microsoft Disk
> >> Operating System 1.0". An agreement was reached between the two, and
> >> IBM agreed to accept 86-DOS as the main operating system for their new
> >> PC. Microsoft purchased all rights to 86-DOS in July 1981, and "IBM
> >> Personal Computer DOS 1.0" was ready for the introduction of the IBM
> >> PC in October 1981. IBM subjected the operating system to an extensive
> >> quality-assurance program, reportedly found well over 300 bugs, and
> >> decided to rewrite the programs. This is why PC-DOS is copyrighted by
> >> both IBM and Microsoft.
> >>
> >> It is sometimes amusing to reflect on the fact that the IBM PC was not
> >> originally intended to run MS-DOS. The target operating system at the
> >> end of the development was for a (not yet in existence) 8086 version
> >> of CP/M. On the other hand, when DOS was originally written the IBM PC
> >> did not yet exist! Although PC-DOS was bundled with the computer,
> >> Digital Research's CP/M-86 would probably have been the main operating
> >> system for the PC except for two things - Digital Research wanted $495
> >> for CP/M-86 (considering PC-DOS was essentially free) and many
> >> software developers found it easier to port existing CP/M software to
> >> DOS than to the new version of CP/M. The IBM PC shipped without an
> >> operating system.
> >>
> >> IBM didn't start bundling DOS until the second generation AT/339 came
> >> out. You could order one of three operating systems for your PC,
> >> assuming you popped for the optional disk drive and 64k RAM upgrade
> >> (base models had 16k and a cassette player port). These operating
> >> systems were IBM Personal Computer DOS 1.0, a version of the UCSD
> >> p-System, which was an integrated Pascal operating system something
> >> like the souped-up BASIC operating systems used by the Commodore 64
> >> and others, or Digital Research's CP/M-86, which was officially an
> >> option although you couldn't buy it until later. Since IBM's $39.95
> >> DOS was far cheaper than anyone else's alternative, darned near
> >> everyone bought DOS.
> >>
> >> Microsoft Press' "MSDOS Encyclopedia" shows a reproduction of a late
> >> DOS 1.25 OEM brochure. Microsoft was touting future enhancements to
> >> 1.25 including Xenix-compatible pipes, process forks, and
> >> multitasking, as well as "graphics and cursor positioning, kanji
> >> support, multi-user and hard disk support, and networking." Microsoft
> >> certainly thought big, but, alas, the forks, multitasking, and
> >> multiuser support never came about, at least in US versions of DOS.
> >> Oddly, the flyer claims:
> >>
> >> "MS-DOS has no practical limit on disk size. MS-DOS uses 4-byte XENIX
> >> OS compatible pointers for file and disk capacity up to 4 gigabytes."
> >>
> >> Umm... yeah. One sort of gets the idea nobody at Microsoft had a hard
> >> disk larger than 32 megabytes...
> >>
> >> 86-DOS February 1981 Paterson's Quick'n'Dirty DOS first runs on IBM's
> >> wirewrapped PC prototype
> >>
> >> PC-DOS 1.0 August 1981 original IBM release
> >>
> >> PC-DOS 2.0 March 1983 for PC/XT, Unix-type subdirectory support,
> >> installable device drivers, I/O redirection, subdirectories, hard disk
> >> support, handle calls
> >>
> >> PC-DOS 3.0 August 1984 1.2 meg drive for PC/AT, some new system calls,
> >> new external programs, 16-bit FAT, specific support for IBM network
> >>
> >> MS-DOS 4.0 April 1986 multitasking (Europe only) - withdrawn from
> >> market after a very short run
> >>
> >> PC-DOS 3.3 April 1987 for PS/2 series, 1.44 meg support, multiple DOS
> >> partition support, code page switching, improved foreign language
> >> support, some new function calls, support for the AT's CMOS clock
> >>
> >> PC-DOS 4.0 August 1988 32mb disk limit officially broken, minor EMS
> >> support, more new function calls, enhanced network support for
> >> external commands. PCjr support dropped.
> >>
> >> MS-DOS 5.0 June 1991 high memory support, uses up to 8 hard disks,
> >> command line editor and aliasing, 2.88mb floppies, ROMable OEM kit
> >> available.
> >> MS-DOS 6.0 March 1993 disk compression (Doublespace), multiple
> >> configurations in CONFIG.SYS
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> >> >
> >> ><joeleichen@yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<bb7oe0560vo0rsu8nrcmnt838iit0lvfm2@4ax.com>...
> >> >> This internet, is it great or what?
> >> >>
> >> >> ****************************
> >> >>
> >> >> ONE OF THE BIGGEST MISTAKES IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD.
> >> >>
> >> >> If I recall correctly, the bossman was out hiking and camping and his
> >> >> wife made the decision ....
> >> >>
> >> >> JOEL
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> As for an operating system (OS) for the new computers, since Microsoft
> >> >> had never written an operating system before, Gates had suggested that
> >> >> IBM investigate an OS called CP/M (Control Program for
> >> >> Microcomputers), written by Gary Kildall of Digital Research. Kindall
> >> >> had his Ph.D. in computers and had written the most successful
> >> >> operating system of the time, selling over 600,000 copies of CP/M, his
> >> >> OS set the standard at that time.
> >> >>
> >> >> IBM tried to contact Kildall for a meeting, executives met with Mrs.
> >> >> Kildall who refused to sign a non-disclosure agreement. IBM soon
> >> >> returned to Bill Gates and gave Microsoft the contract to write the
> >> >> new operating system, one that would eventually wipe Kildall's CP/M
> >> >> out of common use.
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> ********************************
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> Inventors of the Modern Computer
> >> >>
> >> >> The History of the MS-DOS Operating Systems, Microsoft, Tim Paterson,
> >> >> and Gary Kildall
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> IBM PC Inventors of the Modern Computer Series
> >> >> ? Table of Contents
> >> >> ? Next Chapter
> >> >> The Apple Lisa and Consumer GUI
> >> >> ENTER
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> More on MS-DOS, Time Paterson, and Gary Kildall
> >> >> ? A Short History of MS-DOS
> >> >> Written by Tim Paterson himself.
> >> >> ? Origins of MS-DOS
> >> >> Articles about MS-DOS and Tim Paterson.
> >> >> ? The Deal of the Century
> >> >> More on Microsoft's purchase of the "Quick and Dirty Operating
> >> >> System".
> >> >> ? Microsoft Timeline
> >> >> ? Windows Operating Systems Family History
> >> >> From Altair BASIC to Windows 98, everything Microsoft has
> >> >> accomplished.
> >> >> ? The History of Windows
> >> >> MS-DOS was the beginning of "Windows" the IBM based graphical
> >> >> interface.
> >> >> ? Bill Gates
> >> >> Biography of the Microsoft superstar.
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> By Mary Bellis
> >> >> "I don't think it's that significant." - Tandy president John Roach on
> >> >> IBM's entry into the microcomputer field
> >> >>
> >> >> On August 12, 1981, IBM introduced its new revolution in a box, the
> >> >> "Personal Computer" complete with a brand new operating system from
> >> >> Microsoft and a 16-bit computer operating system called MS-DOS 1.0.
> >> >>
> >> >> Operating System : /n./ [techspeak] (Often abbreviated `OS') The
> >> >> foundation software of a machine, of course; that which schedules
> >> >> tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user
> >> >> between applications. The facilities an operating system provides and
> >> >> its general design philosophy exert an extremely strong influence on
> >> >> programming style and on the technical cultures that grow up around
> >> >> its host machines. - The Jargon Dictionary*
> >> >>
> >> >> In 1980, IBM first approached Bill Gates and Microsoft, to discuss the
> >> >> state of home computers and Microsoft products. Gates gave IBM a few
> >> >> ideas on what would make a great home computer, among them to have
> >> >> Basic written into the ROM chip. Microsoft had already produced
> >> >> several versions of Basic for different computer system beginning with
> >> >> the Altair, so Gates was more than happy to write a version for IBM.
> >> >>
> >> >> As for an operating system (OS) for the new computers, since Microsoft
> >> >> had never written an operating system before, Gates had suggested that
> >> >> IBM investigate an OS called CP/M (Control Program for
> >> >> Microcomputers), written by Gary Kildall of Digital Research. Kindall
> >> >> had his Ph.D. in computers and had written the most successful
> >> >> operating system of the time, selling over 600,000 copies of CP/M, his
> >> >> OS set the standard at that time.
> >> >>
> >> >> IBM tried to contact Kildall for a meeting, executives met with Mrs.
> >> >> Kildall who refused to sign a non-disclosure agreement. IBM soon
> >> >> returned to Bill Gates and gave Microsoft the contract to write the
> >> >> new operating system, one that would eventually wipe Kildall's CP/M
> >> >> out of common use.
> >> >>
> >> >> The "Microsoft Disk Operating System" or MS-DOS was based on QDOS, the
> >> >> "Quick and Dirty Operating System" written by Tim Paterson of Seattle
> >> >> Computer Products, for their prototype Intel 8086 based computer.
> >> >>
> >> >> QDOS was based on Gary Kildall's CP/M, Paterson had bought a CP/M
> >> >> manual and used it as the basis to write his operating system in six
> >> >> weeks, QDOS was different enough from CP/M to be considered legal.
> >> >>
> >> >> Microsoft bought the rights to QDOS for $50,000, keeping the IBM deal
> >> >> a secret from Seattle Computer Products.
> >> >>
> >> >> Gates then talked IBM into letting Microsoft retain the rights, to
> >> >> market MS DOS separate from the IBM PC project, Gates proceeded to
> >> >> make a fortune from the licensing of MS-DOS.
> >> >>
> >> >> In 1981, Tim Paterson quit Seattle Computer Products and found
> >> >> employment at Microsoft.
> >> >>
> >> >> "Life begins with a disk drive." - Tim Paterson
> >> >>
> >> >> *The Jargon Dictionary
> >> >> Version 4.0.0, 24 July 1996, Computer terms.
> >> >>
> >> >> Next Chapter > The Apple Lisa and the Birth of the Graphical Interface
> >> >> or Consumer GUI
> >> >>
> >> >> all artwork ©MaryBellis
> >> >>
> >> >> Subscribe to the Inventors Newsletter
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> ****************
> >> >>
> >> >>
> >> >> On Wed, 07 Jul 2004 15:53:40 GMT, W_B <no_one@nowhere.net> wrote:
> >> >>
> >> >> >On Wed, 07 Jul 2004 06:56:03 -0400, "Joel M. Eichen, D.D.S." <joeleichen@yahoo.com> wrote:
> >> >> >
> >> >> >>The operating systems he stole from Digital. Oh wait. He paid $50,000
> >> >> >>them for the code. IBM bought it and thought it was Bill's.
> >> >> >
> >> >> >Nope, Bill *licensed* it to IBM before he actually bought it.
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