Re: Aggressive Stage II or III breast cancer

Low iron diet and / or iron reduction therapy has been shown to have
some effect.

<<snip>>
iron chelators should be given to patients receiving chemotherapy to
prevent iron uptake and inhibit growth of cancer cells.
<<snip>>

1999 ASCO Annual Meeting

Increase in Serum Iron Concentration After Chemotherapy for Breast
Cancer Tumor Biology and Human Genetics
Category: Tumor Biology and Human Genetics
Meeting: 1999 ASCO Annual Meeting

Abstract No: 2438
Author(s): RL Elliott, JA Suits, DC Yang, XP Jiang, JF Head
Abstract: Iron is essential for the growth of all living cells,
especially for rapid growing cells. One of the important intracellular
roles for iron is in the activation of ribonucleotide reductase, an
enzyme that catalyzes a critical step in DNA synthesis. This enzyme
turns over rapidly and therefore needs a continuous supply of iron. In
this study, serum iron concentrations of 11 patients with breast
cancer were determined before and 2 days after cancer chemotherapy
with doxorubicin, CMF or paclitaxel. Serum iron concentrations of the
patients were increased after chemotherapy (61 [plusmn] 25 mg/dL
before versus 194 [plusmn] 75 mg/dL after, p < 0.001) and the serum
iron increase caused by chemotherapy was more significant in patients
(N = 3) with stage IV disease than those (N = 8) with stage II + III
disease (207 [plusmn] 99 mg/dL for stage IV versus 104 [plusmn] 37 mg/
dL for stage II + III, p = 0.025). One of these patients received
deferoxamine mesylate (DFO), an iron chelator, and the serum iron
concentration was rapidly decreased from 228 mg/dL to 67 mg/dL.
Therefore, we studied the effect of DFO on the human breast cancer
cell line MCF-7. The rate of DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells was
inhibited in a dose and time dependent manner, and the IC50
(concentration that inhibits 50% of DNA synthesis) after 72 hr of
incubation was 2 mM. Incubation with the IC50 concentration of DFO
significantly decreased intracellular iron concentration from 74
[plusmn] 8 mg/10[Superscript 6] cells to 28 [plusmn] 11 mg/
10[Superscript 6] cells, p = 0.0046, and intracellular ferritin from
20.4 [plusmn] 1.0 ng/mg protein to 7.0 [plusmn] 3.4 ng/mg protein, p =
0.0027. This study indicates that iron is released from tumor cells
killed by chemotherapy, and that there are more residual tumor cells
in patients with stage IV disease, as more iron is released in
patients with stage IV disease than stage II and III disease.
Therefore iron chelators should be given to patients receiving
chemotherapy to prevent iron uptake and inhibit growth of cancer
cells.


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