FDA Final Rule On silver and the Silver Lady HORROR Story Brent won't tell you about!

a_weisman_at_yahoo.com
Date: 03/25/05


Date: 24 Mar 2005 16:31:41 -0800

Silver:

NOT safe

NOT effective

NOT approved for human use internally

ILLEgal

Don't listen to the LIARS and silver cult profiteers like BRENT THE
LIAR!

Don't listen to the silver profiteer cultists!

They LIE

AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS.

ACTION: Final rule.
http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_d­ocs/aces/aces140.html#frbrowse
------------------------------­------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is issuing a­­ final
rule
establishing that all over-the-counter (OTC) drug products
c­­ontaining

colloidal silver ingredients or silver salts for internal or­­
external

use are not generally recognized as safe and effective and a­­re
misbranded. FDA is issuing this final rule because many OTC ­­drug
products containing colloidal silver ingredients or silver s­­alts
are
being marketed for numerous serious disease conditions and F­­DA is
not

aware of any substantial scientific evidence
that supports the use of OTC colloidal silver ingredients or­­ silver

salts for these disease conditions.

DATES: This regulation is effective September 16, 1999.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Bradford W. Williams, Cente­­r for
Drug
Evaluation and Research (HFD-310), Food and Drug Administrat­­ion,
7520

Standish Pl., Rockville, MD 20855, 301-594-0063.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

In the Federal Register of October 15, 1996 (61 FR 53685), F­­DA
published a proposed rule to declare that all OTC drug produ­­cts
containing colloidal silver ingredients or silver salts are ­­not
generally recognized as safe and effective, and are new drug­­s and
misbranded within the meaning of section 201(p) of the Feder­­al
Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act) (21 U.S.C. 321(p)). Colloid­­al
silver

is a suspension of silver particles in a colloidal base. In ­­recent
years, colloidal silver preparations of unknown formulation ­­have
been

appearing in retail outlets. These products are labeled for
­­numerous
disease conditions, many of which are serious diseases. The ­­dosage
form
of these colloidal silver products is usually oral, but prod­­uct
labeling also contains directions for topical and, occasiona­­lly,
intravenous use.

FDA has not approved a new drug application (NDA) for any co­­lloidal

silver product. None of the silver salts evaluated as part o­­f FDA's

OTC
drug review was found to be generally recognized as safe and­­
effective
for its intended use(s). FDA is not aware of any substantial
scientific
evidence that supports the use of OTC colloidal silver ingre­­dients
or

silver salts for disease conditions. The agency invited any
­interested
parties to collect and submit any existing data and informat­­ion
that
support the safety and effectiveness of colloidal silver
ing­­redients
or
silver salts for any of the uses not already evaluated under­­ the
OTC
drug review. Interested persons were invited to submit writt­­en
comments
on the proposed regulation and on the agency's economic impa­­ct
determination by January 13, 1997.

In response to the proposal, the agency received 251 respons­­es.
Copies
of these comments are on public display in the Dockets Manag­­ement
Branch (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers­­ Lane,
rm.
1061, Rockville, MD 20852. Additional information that has c­­ome to
the
agency's attention since publication of the proposal is also­­ on
public
display in the Dockets Management Branch.

Based on the information set forth in the proposed rule, and­­ after
consideration of the information submitted by the public com­­ments
(as

summarized as follows), FDA is declaring that all OTC drug p­­roducts

containing colloidal silver ingredients or silver salts are ­­not
generally recognized as safe and effective, and are new drug­­s and
misbranded within the meaning of section 201(p) of the act.
­­Adequate
safety and effectiveness data have not been provided to esta­­blish
general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of collo­­idal
silver
or silver salt ingredients for any OTC drug uses. The data
s­­ubmitted
did not include the required absorption, metabolism, tissue
distribution, accumulation, excretion, and pharmacodynamics ­­(effect

of
the drug at its action site) of silver in the body, both whe­­n taken

internally and applied externally, and of the effect of the
­­particle
size of the silver on these systemic effects.

FDA is amending subpart E of part 310 (21 CFR part 310) to a­­dd Sec.

310.548 for OTC drug products containing colloidal silver
in­­gredients

or silver salts. The agency has expanded proposed Sec. 310.5­­48(a)
to
include some additional silver ingredients.
...

Silver Lady/colloidal silver/agyria/Rosemary Jacob's story ­­page
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose1.html

>>From Cheryl's Lyme Alt Med Page

http://www.aero-vision.com/~ch­eryl/alt.html:

Colloidal Silver Pros:
CS PROS

http://www.wishgranted.com/

CS Cons:
Colloidal Silver CONS
http://www.quackwatch.com/01Qu­ackeryRelatedTopics/PhonyAds/s­ilverad.html

The Silver Supplement Fraud

Guess who took the colloidal silver (CS)? Rosemary did. That­­'s why
she
is slate-gray. The condition is called argyria. It is irreve­­rsible
and
cannot be covered by makeup.

Actually, Rosemary's doctor in New York prescribed CSP for h­­er back

in
the fifties as a treatment for allergies. It was sold as a d­­rug
then.

Today it is sold as a dietary supplement. You can find it in­­
"health
food" stores and on the Internet. You can even buy the equip­­ment to

make your own. It was snake oil when it was given to Rosemar­­y. It
is
snake oil now.

The only thing Rosemary recommends CSP for is a gray skin dy­­e. She
knows that it is safe, effective, and permanent when used fo­­r that
purpose. She also knows that being a gray person in a black ­­and
white

world can have a serious negative impact on your social and
­­economic
life.

Promoters claim that CSP prevents and cures 650 diseases inc­­luding
Aids and cancer. They say that people with even a trace of s­­ilver
in
their bodies don't get sick!

Both Rosemary and the FDA have asked them for their proof. A­­ll they

get are quotes from old quacks who manufactured the stuff at­­ the
turn

of the century, misquotes from reputable authors and wonderf­­ul
anecdotes. "I've taken it everyday for four years and feel g­­reat,"
the
saleslady says.

The only problem Rosemary has with the anecdotes is that the­­y are
selectively chosen to sell CSP. The promoters refuse to incl­­ude her

negative anecdotes or those of all the other argyric people
­­recorded
in the medical literature. Rosemary had breast cancer at the­­ age of

42. The silver in her body made her face so gray that the nu­­rses in

pre-op thought that she was in cardiac arrest! The promoters­­ won't
tell you this though.

The FDA has told the promoters that if they want to continue­­ making

medical claims for CSP they will have to first have it appro­­ved as
a
drug. Of course, that doesn't stop them from selling the stu­­ff as a

"dietary supplement." It just prevents them from legally wri­­ting
their
claims on the label or putting them in their ads.

And, oh yes, if you do decide to use CSP, have the product a­­nalysed

by
an independent lab. According to the dietary supplement indu­­stry
itself, a lot of the stuff tested that is labelled colloidal­­ silver

really isn't. You see "dietary supplements," thanks to inten­­se
industry lobbying are unregulated by any government agency. ­­So very

often what is on the label isn't in the bottle. In fact, wha­­t is in

the bottle may even be something more toxic than CSP. Buyer ­­beware!

P.S. Rosemary will gladly provide you with documentation and
references. Just ask!

Here's Rosemary's story in her words...
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose2.html

Rosemary's Story

ROSEMARY JACOBS

Background
For forty years I tried to blend into the crowd, but when I
discovered that the quacks were back, I knew that I couldn't­­ do
that
anymore. I had to stand up and shout, "Look at me! I'm gray.­­" I had

to
warn the public. A local newspaper broke my story with the
h­­eadline,
"The silver woman from Long Island. The face that no one for­­gets."

I wasn't always gray. I was born white in Brooklyn, New York­­, in
1942.
When I was eleven years old, my mother mentioned to an MD --­­ an
eye,
ear, nose and throat specialist on Long Island -- that I alw­­ays had

a

cold. He told her that it had to be allergies and prescribed­­ nose
drops that contained silver with instructions to take them
"intermittently as needed."

Rosemary, Mom, the family dog
Diagnosis
Right after starting high school at the age of 14, my friend­­s and I

volunteered to work in the local hospital as "candy stripers­­." The
hospital was run by a Catholic order of nursing sisters who
­­required
that all new volunteers attend a class at their convent once­­ a week

on
Saturday mornings. The nun who gave the course was also a nu­­rse and

a

pharmacist. One morning when I walked in she was very startl­­ed by
my
appearance.

"Why are you that color?" she asked. What color? No one had ­­noticed

that my color was weird until then. She repeated, "Why are y­­ou that

color? Ask the doctor." Suddenly everyone noticed. I was
sla­­te-gray.
We had a family friend, a general practitioner, who made an
appointment for me to see a dermatologist. Meanwhile, Saturd­­ay
rolled

around again and I went back to class. This time Sister gree­­ted me
with, "You're taking nose drops, aren't you?" I told her I w­­as.
"Stop," she said. "They have silver in them. That's why you'­­re
gray."

She had seen another nursing sister at the hospital with the­­ same
skin
discoloration which was also caused by nose drops, probably ­­from
the
same doctor who was on their staff. The dermatologist took o­­ne look

at
me and diagnosed argyria - a permanent, irreversible skin
discoloration caused by the ingestion of silver.

A biopsy confirmed the diagnosis showing all the little spec­­ks of
silver in my skin. Unfortunately, that is the only informati­­on that

I

have ever been able to get about the drug that disfigured me­­. No
one
ever sued doctors back then.

When as a young adult I had difficulty getting jobs because­­ people
didn't like my appearance, the lawyers I consulted told me t­­hat New

York is one of the few states with a statute of limitations ­­on
malpractice suits. I never really wanted to sue the doctor. ­­He was
a
good person who made a tragic mistake. He read the ads from ­­drug
companies instead of the medical literature. (1)(2)(3)

Old Garbage
All kinds of silver medicinals, as well as many other dubiou­­s and
noxious drugs, were used by desperate physicians before the ­­advent
of

antibiotics. Any student of history can tell you how ineffec­­tive
they

were.

Colloidal silver (CSP) is not a new alternative remedy. It i­­s an
old,

discarded traditional one that homeopaths and other people c­­alling
themselves "alternative health-care practitioners" have pull­­ed out
of

the garbage pail of useless and dangerous drugs and therapie­­s,
things

mainstream medicine threw away decades ago.

In 1935 Gaul & Staud wrote about colloidal silver in The Jou­­rnal of

the American Medical Association (JAMA), "The alarming incre­­ase of
argyrosis leaves little doubt as to our purpose in this repo­­rt.
There

has been an accumulation of indubitable clinical evidence wh­­ich
makes

it imperative to present before those who prescribe, dispens­­e or
use
these drugs the danger entailed therein...The obvious
respon­­sibility
for this injudicious medication rests with the circularized
advertisements by the various manufacturers to the physician­­s;" (4)

In 1940 Bryant added, "Conscientious observers in the field ­­of
otolaryngology can no longer doubt the occurrence of general­­ized
argyria caused by intranasal silver medications," and "A per­­sistent

indifferent attitude to this on the part of otolaryngologist­­ might
be

condoned if it were possible through the use of such medicat­­ion to
achieve beneficial results for the patient which could not b­­e
achieved
other wise, but quite the contrary is the case."

He goes on to state that these silver preparations should be
supplanted by a weak ephedrine or neosynephrin in an isotoni­­c
solution. (5) He continues, "The use of silver-containing na­­sal
medication over even a few weeks is dangerous and accomplish­­es
nothing
that cannot be accomplished safely and more efficiently by o­­ther
means." (6)

The New Old Miracle
In 1995 I discovered that CSP, one of the drugs that causes
­­argyria,
was again being aggressively promoted. It was being sold ove­­r the
Internet where you could buy equipment to make your own, in ­­"health

food stores" and by MLMs (multilevel marketers). Promoters w­­ere
claiming that silver is an "essential mineral" and that even­­ a
trace
amount in the body prevents serious illness. They also claim­­ed that

it
was a pre-1938 OTC (over-the-counter drug) that cures 650 sp­­ecific
conditions and diseases such as cancer, AIDS, acne, and lupu­­s. They

passed off their promotional material on the Internet and in­­ books
and
magazines as if it were the gospel truth.

I thought the promoters were ignorant people who had made a
­­terrible
mistake, but when I contacted several of them and discovered­­ that
they
were not interested in hearing my story, they would not chan­­ge
their
ads and they refused to include my negative anecdotes along ­­with
their
positive ones, I knew that they weren't ignorant.

They were quacks who were deliberately lying to sell their p­­roduct.

The response I got from the owner of a store that sells the ­­stuff
was

pretty typical. I told him that my skin is gray from the ing­­estion
of

silver adding that silver in my body has never benefited me.­­ I had
breast cancer at the age of 42. In the year that I was born,­­ 1942,
a
Dr. Levine wrote an article in the New England Journal of Me­­dicine
stating that all doctors had seen cases of argyria, but it w­­as
rarely

reported in the medical literature. (7) In searching that
li­­terature
for thirty years I have never found any evidence that silver­­ in a
person's body benefits anyone other than the quack who sold ­­it.

If, in fact, it did do all the wonderful things that the pro­­moters
claim, Queen Victoria and the Rockefellers would still be al­­ive and

they would be gray like me.

I gave the merchant a fist full of medical literature to
sub­­stantiate

my claims and asked for proof that the product he sold with ­­the
colloidal silver label on it was in fact safe and effective ­­for
something, anything. I wanted to know how he knew that it ac­­tually
did
all the great things claimed and how he knew that it wouldn'­­t cause

argyria. He said he'd have to contact his supplier and get b­­ack to
me.

The "Evidence"
When he phoned and said that he had the material I had reque­­sted,
he
added that he didn't think it would interest me.

How wrong he was.

He wasn't there when I went to pick it up. His wife, visibly
uncomfortable with me in the store, seemed to be hoping that­­ I'd
glance at the "evidence" and leave. Instead, I asked if I co­­uld
take
it next door to copy. Reluctantly, she agreed.

What a gold mine that turned out to be. The same names, Dr. ­­Henry
Crookes, Sir Malcolm Morris, A. Legge Roe, and R.J. Hartman ­­-- to
name
a few -- kept popping up in all the promotional material. Wh­­ile
most
promoters pretended that these people were contemporary
rese­­archers,
some of the material that the store owner gave me contained
­­citations

with dates. These "authors" were ancient.

Old Quacks
I went to the nearest medical history library and pulled the
citations. Henry Crookes was a pioneer CSP manufacturer in E­­ngland
at

the turn of the century. (8) He sold many different alleged
­­colloidal

preparations under the Collosol trade name. (9) Collosol Arg­­entum
was

the brand name of his colloidal silver. (10) Malcolm Morris ­­was
rumored to be on his board of directors. (11)

In 1919 JAMA's Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry ruled that
­­Collosol
Argentum, along with several other of the Crookes' Laborator­­y
products, were "inadmissible to New and Nonofficial Remedies­­,"
stating
that "In the few cases in which the therapeutic claims for t­­hese
preparations were examined, the claims were found to be so
i­­mprobable

or exaggerated as to have necessitated the rejection of thes­­e
products." (12)

Further down in the same article referring to Collosol Hydra­­rgyrum
and
Collosol Ferrum they said that, "If either of these preparat­­ions
were

injected intravenously as directed, death might result, maki­­ng the
physician morally if not legally liable." (13)

A. Legge Roe did write about the great success he had treati­­ng
gonorrhoeal opthamalia with collosol argentum. He also state­­d, "It
is

the most useful preparation that has been placed in our hand­­s since

the introduction of cocaine." (14)

In 1939 Hartman, a chemist not a medical doctor, included a ­­chapter

on
colloids in medicine in his chemistry book. On p.536 he said­­ that
CSP

is safe enough to be put into the eyes and nose. He also sta­­ted on
the
same page that, "Intramuscular injections of colloidally sus­­pended
lead are of value in arresting certain cancerous growths." (­­15) His

source for all the material on colloids in medicine was Croo­­kes
Laboratories.

I felt as if I were doing quack genealogy. A quack quoting a­­ quack
quoting a quack.

Misquoted Reputable Authors
Another article about silver that colloidal silver promoters­­ often
referred to was one by Jim Powell which appeared in the Marc­­h 1978
edition of the now defunct popular magazine Science Digest. ­­They
always referred to it as "Our Mightiest Germ Fighter."

When I tracked down the magazine, I discovered that the arti­­cle
didn't
mention colloidal silver and that the full title was, "Perha­­ps it
soon
will be recognized as OUR MIGHTIEST GERM FIGHTER."

Why do you think promoters never mention the first half of t­­he
title?

Could it be because they know that the promise never materia­­lized
and

they don't want readers to find out?

Another reference constantly appearing in the quack promotio­­nal
material is the book ARGYRIA, (16) which truly is the defini­­tive
work

on the subject. It was written in 1939 by Hill and Pillsbury­­.
Promoters say that it states that "properly prepared colloid­­al
silver"
never caused argyria and that 95 percent of the cases result­­ed from

silver nitrate.

What the book really says, and I'm probably one of the few p­­eople
on
earth who has a copy, is that in a study of 214 cases for wh­­ich
data
was available, "silver nitrate is the responsible compound i­­n over
half the cases. Again it must be pointed out that the number­­ of
cases

due to other compounds may be no real indication of their re­­lative
capacity for the production of argyria, but rather an eviden­­ce of
their popularity as a medicinal agent." (17)

Regarding CSP, "It is impossible to make a definitive statem­­ent
concerning the amount of a colloidal silver compound which m­­ay be
instilled into a body cavity without the possibility of argy­­ria."
(18)

The authors called for further studies and warning labels on­­ all
silver medicinals. (19) They also pointed out that it had ne­­ver
been
determined whether or not individual susceptibilities exist.­­ Are
some

people more likely to develop argyria than others? (20) We s­­till
don't
know.

Hill & Pillsbury added, "there is no evidence indicating tha­­t the
giving of extremely small amounts of silver over a prolonged­­ period

in
any way lessens the danger of argyria from any given amount ­­of
silver

compound." (21)

In 1975 Goodman & Gilman stated that, "There is no acceptabl­­e
evidence
that the routine use of silver solutions for the prophylaxis­­ of
colds

or other respiratory tract infections is at all efficacious,­­ and
cases
of argyria have resulted from this practice. Fortunately, th­­e
colloidal silver preparations are now in a deserved oblivion­­." (22)

There is no animal model for argyria. (23) It can take decad­­es to
develop. (24) There have been reported cases in which it did­­ not
appear until several years after the drug was discontinued. ­­(25)

Silver workers have developed argyria, presumably from inhal­­ing
silver
dust. (26) One person's skin discoloration was caused by the
electrolytic action between a gold and a silver filing. Sali­­va
caused

the silver to go into solution. (27)

1990s Snake Oil
Contrary to promoters' claims, we still ingest silver in our­­ diets.

(28) Some drinking water contains silver. At what concentrat­­ion of
silver does drinking water turn into CSP? I've never been ab­­le to
get

a salesperson to tell me this. Hopefully all they are really­­
selling
is very expensive, distilled water, but no one knows for sur­­e since

CSP is now sold as a "dietary supplement." As such it is
unr­­egulated
by any government agency. Only the manufacturer knows what's­­ in the

bottle.

On p. 26 of the April 1997 issue of Vegetarian Times, a maga­­zine
that

promotes supplements, it states that the National Nutritiona­­l Foods

Association (NNFA), a trade group in Newport Beach, CA, says­­ that
"some metal colloid products have been found to be high in t­­oxic
metals such as aluminum. Others have no detectable levels of­­ the
desirable metal listed on the label." NNFA advises consumers­­ taking

colloidal silver to have it analyzed by an independent labor­­atory.

A doctor told me that he had a bottle of CSP prepared by a
p­­harmacist

analyzed and discovered that it was just very expensive tap ­­water.
I
find it very interesting that probably thousands of people a­­re all
reporting similar wonderful health and medical benefits from­­
products

that only have one thing in common, the labels all say "coll­­oidal
silver."

I believe this is ample proof that individuals and doctors a­­re not
capable of determining whether or not a drug is safe and eff­­ective.

Scientific investigations start with anecdotal evidence, but­­ they
don't end there.

Index
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose3.html
Silver Fraud
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose1.html
My Story
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose2.html
FAQs
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose6.html
Links
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/rose10.html
E-mail
mailto:rjs...@together.net

==============================­==============================­­­====================

Colloidal Silver: Risk without Benefit
http://www.quackwatch.org/01Qu­ackeryRelatedTopics/PhonyAds/s­ilverad.html

Colloidal Silver:
Risk Without Benefit

Stephen Barrett, M.D.

Colloidal silver is a suspension of submicroscopic metallic ­­silver
particles in a colloidal base. Long-term use of silver prepa­­rations

can lead to argyria, a condition in which silver salts depos­­it in
the

skin, eyes, and internal organs, and the skin turns ashen-gr­­ay.
Many
cases of argyria occurred during the pre-antibiotic era when­­ silver

was a common ingredient in nosedrops. When the cause became
­­apparent,

doctors stopped recommending their use, and reputable manufa­­cturers

stopped producing them. The official drug guidebooks (United­­ States

Pharmacopeia and National Formulary) have not listed colloid­­al
silver

products since 1975.

Dubious AdsIn recent years, silver-containing products have ­­been
marketed with unsubstantiated claims that they are effective­­
against
AIDS, cancer, infectious diseases, parasites, chronic fatigu­­e,
acne,
warts, hemorrhoids, enlarged prostate, and many other diseas­­es and
conditions. Some marketers claim that colloidal silver is ef­­fective

against hundreds of diseases.

During 1997 and 1998, Changes International, a Florida-based
multilevel company, stated:

Our colloidal silver contains 99.99% pure silver particles
s­­uspended
indefinitely in demineralized water that kills bacteria and
­­viruses.
It can be applied topically and/or absorbed into the blood s­­tream
sub-lingually (under the tongue), thereby avoiding the negat­­ive
effects of traditional antibiotics that kill good bacteria i­­n the
lower digestive tract.

An all natural antibiotic alternative in the purest form ava­­ilable.

The presence of colloidal silver near a virus, fungi, bacter­­ium or
any
other single celled pathogen disables its oxygen-metabolism ­­enzyme,

its chemical lung, so to say. The pathogens suffocates and d­­ies,
and
is cleared out of the body by the immune, lymphatic and elim­­ination

systems.

Unlike pharmaceutical antibiotics which destroy beneficial e­­nzymes,

colloidal silver leaves these beneficial enzymes intact. Thu­­s
colloidal silver is absolutely safe for humans, reptiles, pl­­ants
and
all multi-celled living matter.

It is impossible for single-celled germs to mutate into
silver-resistant forms, as happens with conventional antibio­­tics.
Also, colloidal silver cannot interact or interfere with oth­­er
medicines being taken. Colloidal silver is truly a safe, nat­­ural
remedy for many of mankind's ills. Colloidal silver can be t­­aken
indefinitely because the body does not develop a tolerance t­­o it
[1]

Seasilver International,
http://www.seasilver.com/

a California-based multilevel company, claims that American ­­are
suffering from "silver deficiency." Although silver is not a­­n
essential nutrient, product information posted on the compan­­y's Web

site states:

The depletion of minerals in our soil has left us deficient ­­of
silver,
one of our most essential trace minerals, causing a drastic
­­increase
in immune system disorders in our society in the last decade­­.
Research
has taught us that all disease is allowed to manifest itself­­
because
of a weakened immune system. In over 20 years of worldwide r­­esearch

on
Colloidal Silver, numerous interviews with government agenci­­es,
health
care practitioners and their patients, no other nutrient, he­­rb or
drug
(prescription or over-the-counter) is as safe and effective ­­against

all known forms of unfriendly virus, bacteria, and fungus.
Additionally, while it is generally known that most antibiot­­ics
kill
only perhaps 6 or 7 different disease organisms, reports hav­­e shown

that Colloidal Silver has been used successfully in the trea­­tment
of
over 650 diseases! Furthermore, strains of disease organisms­­ fail
to
develop in the presence of Colloidal Silver. Colloidal Silve­­r's
greatest attribute is its unique ability to function as a su­­perior
second immune system in the body! [2]

The ad below is from the July 1996 issue of Alternative Medi­­cine
Digest.

[ad won't copy and paste go to site if you want to view it]

Critical Studies and Case Reports

In 1995, an herbal distributor named Leslie Taylor tested ni­­ne
commonly marketed colloidal silver products available at
hea­­lth-food
stores and concluded:

Two of the products were contaminated with microorganisms.

The amount of silver suspended in solution varied from produ­­ct to
product and would gradually decrease over time.

Only five products actually showed antibacterial activity in­­ a
laboratory test. To perform the test, she prepared a culture­­ plate
with Staphylococcus aureas bacteria, which can cause infecti­­ons in
humans. She then placed a drop from each product on the plat­­e and
used
disks of two common antibiotics as controls. After eight hou­­rs of
incubation, she found that bacterial growth had been inhibit­­ed
around

the antibiotics and four of the products.

Of course, the fact that a product inhibits bacteria in a
la­­boratory
culture doesn't mean it is effective (or safe) in the human ­­body.
In
fact, products that kill bacteria in the laboratory would be­­ more
likely to cause argyria because they contain more silver ion­­s that
are
free to deposit in the user's skin.

FDA laboratory studies have found that the amount of silver ­­in some

product samples has varied from 15.2% to 124% of the amount ­­listed
on

the product labels. The amount of silver required to produce­­
argyria
is unknown. However, the FDA has concluded that the risk of ­­using
silver products exceeds any unsubstantiated benefit [3]. So ­­far,
nine

cases of argyria related to silver products have been report­­ed:
A 56-year-old man who had sold and used colloidal silver for­­ three
years, developed blue/gray discoloration of his fingernails
accompanied by a very high blood level of silver [4].

A married couple who had three years of daily consumption of­­ a
drink
prepared by administering an electrolytic charge to a bowl o­­f water

that contained a silver bar [5].
Another couple had been taking a silver-containing "dietary
supplement" prescribed by a naturopath [5].

A mentally ill man who had been drinking silver-containing h­­erbal
tea

for about 10 months [5].

Stan Jones, Montana's Libertarian Party candidate for the
U.S. Senate, who reportedly started taking colloidal silver­­ in 1999

for fear that Y2K disruptions might lead to a shortage of
an­tibiotics.
He made his own concoction by electrically two silver wires ­­in a
glass
of water [6].

Two men, ages 63 and 76, developed argyria after a year of p­­roduct
use
inspired by Internet claims [7]. Enforcement Actions

Between October 1993 and September 1994, the FDA issued warn­­ing
letters to five colloidal silver marketers::

Higher Education Library Publications (H.E.L.P.), of Springf­­ield,
Utah, was ordered to stop claiming that its colloidal silver­­
product
was effective as a natural antibiotic and might be effective­­
against
cancer, genito-urinary diseases, tuberculosis, and AIDS.
Nutrition, Inc., of Arvada, Colorado, was ordered to stop st­­ating
or
implying that its Silvicidal, when administered orally or
intravenously, was nontoxic, FDA-approved, and was a broad-s­­pectrum

antibiotic that killed bacteria and all virus and fungal
inf­­ections.
In addition, it was falsely claimed to be effective against ­­a long
list of specific diseases.

Reseau International of Cincinnati, Ohio was ordered to stop­­
claiming

that its colloidal silver product was a "natural antibiotic ­­and
anti-inflammatory immune system stimulant" and that it was
e­­ffective
against cancer, staph, strep, influenza, general body infect­­ions,
inflammation, impaired immune system, fungus toxicity, tonsi­­llitis,

Meniere's symptoms, whooping cough, shingles, syphilis, chol­­era,
and
malaria. The labeling also stated that colloidal silver coul­­d cause

major growth stimulation of human tissues and can regenerate

Silverado Inc., of Bountiful, Utah, was warned to stop makin­­g false

claims that its colloidal silver product was effective as an
antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-fungal a­­gent
and
that it could stimulate the immune system.
Unic, of Carmichael, California, was ordered to stop claimin­­g that
its
colloidal silver product was effective against many diseases­­ and
could
heal burn-damaged tissue without scarring.

In October 1996, the FDA proposed to ban the use of colloida­­l
silver
or silver salts in over-the-counter products [8]. A Final Ru­­le
banning
such use was issued on August 17, 1999 and became effective
­­September

16th. The rule applies to any nonprescription colloidal silv­­er or
silver salt product claimed to be effective in preventing or­­
treating

any disease [9]. Silver products can still be sold as "dieta­­ry
supplements" provided that no health claims are made for the­­m.
During

2000, the FDA issued warnings to more than 20 companies
http://www.fda.gov/cder/warn/c­yber/cyber2000.htm
whose Web sites were making illegal therapeutic claims for
c­­olloidal
silver products.
In 2000, the Federal Court of Australia banned Vital Earth C­­ompany
Pty
Limited and its director Darryl John Jones from falsely
repr­­esenting
that the colloidal silver produced by their "Vital Silver 30­­00
Zapper," "Vital Silver 2000 Automatic" and "Vital Silver 200­­0":

Can kill all disease-causing bacteria, fungi and virus withi­­n six
minutes of contact
Has no harmful side effects; that colloidal silver could be ­­used as

an
antibiotic for all the acquired diseases of active AIDS

Is effective with more than 650 different pathogenic bacteri­­a and
virus types
Has been used successfully against diseases including AIDS,
­­cholera,
diabetes, leprosy, leukemia, lupus, skin cancer, syphilis an­­d
whooping
cough.

The company was also ordered to pay AUS$9000 in costs and to­­
provide
refunds [10].

In 2001, the FTC obtained consent agreements with two compan­­ies:

Robert C. Spencer and Lisa M. Spencer, doing business as Aar­­on
Company
(Palm Bay, Florida). Colloidal silver has been medically pro­­ven to
kill over 650 disease-causing organisms in the body and is
e­­ffective
in curing diseases ranging from cancer and multiple sclerosi­­s to
HIV/AIDS [11].

ForMor, Inc., doing business as ForMor International, and it­­s
president, Stan Gross (Birmingham, Alabama) agreed not to ma­­ke
unsubstantiated claims that colloidal silver is effective in­­
treating

over 650 infectious diseases, has no adverse side effects, a­­nd is
effective against arthritis, blood poisoning, cancer, choler­­a,
diphtheria, diabetes, dysentery, gonorrhea, herpes, influenz­­a,
leprosy, lupus, malaria, meningitis, rheumatism, shingles, s­­taph
infections, strep infections, syphilis, tuberculosis, whoopi­­ng
cough,

and yeast infections [11].

In 2002, the FTC obtained a consent agreement with Kris Plet­­schke,
doing business as Raw Health, http://www.rawhealth.net/ agreed to stop
making unsubstantiated claims that its colloidal silver prod­­uct
could

treat or cure 650 different diseases; eliminate all pathogen­­s in
the
human body in six minutes or less; and is medically proven t­­o kill
every destructive bacterial, viral, and fungal organism in t­­he
body,
including anthrax, Ebola, Hanta, and flesh-eating bacteria [­­12].

In 2002, the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration ame­­nded
its
rules so that water-treatment products containing substances­­ like
colloidal silver for which therapeutic claims are made must ­­meet
the
requirements of medicines included in the Australian Registe­­r of
Therapeutic Goods. This means that such products can no long­­er be
legally marketed without proof that they are safe and effect­­ive for

their intended purpose. The amendment was based on clnclusio­­ns
that:

There is little evidence to support therapeutic claims made ­­for
colloidal silver products;

The risk to consumers of silver toxicity outweighs the value­­ of
trying
an unsubstantiated treatment, and bacterial resistance to si­­lver
can
occur
Efforts should be made to curb the illegal availability of
c­­olloidal
silver products, which is a significant public health issue ­­[13] .

References

1. Product brochure. Changes International, 1997. Downloade­­d in
1998.
Seasilver International Product Information
http://web.archive.org/web/199­81207065006/seasilver.com/prod­uctinfo.htm

, accessed October 12, 1998.

2. Fung MC, Bowen DL. Silver products for medical indication­­s:
risk-benefit assessment
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/en­trez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&d­b=PubMed&...

Journal of Toxicology and Clinical Toxicology 34:119-26, 19­­96.

4. Gulbranson SH and others. Argyria following the use of di­­etary
supplements containing colloidal silver protein.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/en­trez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&d­b=PubMed&...

Cutis 66:373-374, 2000.

5. Hori K and others. Believe it or not -- Silver still pois­­ons!
Veterinary and Human Toxicology 44(5):291-292, 2002.

6. Blue Is the color of my candidate's skin.
http://www.foxnews.com/printer­_friendly_story/0%2C3566%2C646­92%2C00.html

Associated Press, Oct 2, 2002

7. Cohen LE and others. Effects of Internet quackery: Argyri­­a in
the
silver state. Federal Practitioner 21(4):9-17, 2004.

8. Federal Register
http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_d­ocs/aces/aaces002.html
61:53685-53688, 1996. (To access this document, search the 1­­996
volume
for "colloidal silver.")

9. FDA. Final rule: Over-the-counter drug products containin­­g
colloidal silver ingredients or silver salts.
http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.g­ov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdo­cID=06028...

Federal Register 64:44653-44658, 1999. Download PDF version
http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.g­ov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdo­cID=06028...

10. Refunds for buyers of alternative therapy devices.
http://www.accc.gov.au/media/m­r2000/mr-87-00.htm
News release, Australian Competition and Consumer Commissio­­n., May
5,
20

11. "Operation Cure.All" wages new battle in ongoing war aga­­inst
Internet health fraud
http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2001/06­/cureall.htm

12. . FTC news release, June 14, 2001.
FTC announces first two enforcement actions against purveyor­­s of
bioterrorism defense products.
http://www.ftc.gov/opa/2002/02­/vitalraw.htm
FTC news release, Feb 27, 2002.

13. Regulation of colloidal silver and related products.
http://www.tga.health.gov.au/d­ocs/html/csilver.htm
Therapeutic Goods Administration Web site, Aug 19, 2003.

For Further Information
Rosemary Jacobs
http://homepages.together.net/­~rjstan/
, an argyria victim, has made a detailed study of the colloi­­dal
silver
marketplace and is willing to answer questions.
mailto:rjs...@together.net

This article was revised on May 5, 2004.

------------------------------­------------------------------­­-------

Between October 1993 and September 1994, the FDA issued warn­­ing
letters to five
colloidal silver marketers::

* Higher Education Library Publications (H.E.L.P.), of
S­pringfield, Utah,
was ordered to stop claiming that its colloidal silver produ­­ct was
effective as
a natural antibiotic and might be effective against cancer,
­genito-urinary
diseases, tuberculosis, and AIDS.
* Nutrition, Inc., of Arvada, Colorado, was ordered to s­top
stating or
implying that its Silvicidal, when administered orally or
in­travenously, was
nontoxic, FDA-approved, and was a broad-spectrum antibiotic ­­that
killed
bacteria and all virus and fungal infections. In addition, i­­t was
falsely
claimed to be effective against a long list of specific dise­­ases.
* Reseau International of Cincinnati, Ohio was ordered t­o s­top
claiming
that its colloidal silver product was a "natural antibiotic ­­and
anti-inflammatory immune system stimulant" and that it was
e­­ffective
against
cancer, staph, strep, influenza, general body infections,
in­flammation,
impaired immune system, fungus toxicity, tonsillitis, Menier­­e's
symptoms,
whooping cough, shingles, syphilis, cholera, and malaria. Th­­e
labeling also
stated that colloidal silver could cause major growth stimul­­ation
of
human
tissues and can regenerate
* Silverado Inc., of Bountiful, Utah, was warned to stop­ ma­king
false
claims that its colloidal silver product was effective as an­­
antibiotic,
anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-fungal agent and tha­­t it
could
stimulate the immune system.
* Unic, of Carmichael, California, was ordered to stop c­lai­ming
that its
colloidal silver product was effective against many diseases­­ and
could heal
burn-damaged tissue without scarring.

In October 1996, the FDA proposed to ban the use of colloida­­l
silver
or silver
salts in over-the-counter products [7]. A Final Rule banning­­ such
use
was
issued on August 17, 1999 and became effective September 16t­­h. The
rule applies
to any nonprescription colloidal silver or silver salt produ­­ct
claimed to be
effective in preventing or treating any disease [8]. Silver
­­products
can still
be sold as "dietary supplements" provided that no health cla­­ims are

made for
them. During 2000, the FDA issued warnings to more than 20
c­­ompanies
whose Web
sites were making illegal therapeutic claims for colloidal s­­ilver
products.

In 2000, the Federal Court of Australia banned Vital Earth C­­ompany
Pty Limited
and its director Darryl John Jones from falsely representing­­ that
the
colloidal
silver produced by their "Vital Silver 3000 Zapper," "Vital ­­Silver
2000
Automatic" and "Vital Silver 2000":

* Can kill all disease-causing bacteria, fungi and virus­ wi­thin
six minutes
of contact
* Has no harmful side effects; that colloidal silver cou­ld ­be
used as an
antibiotic for all the acquired diseases of active AIDS
* Is effective with more than 650 different pathogenic b­act­eria
and virus
types
* Has been used successfully against diseases including ­AID­S,
cholera,
diabetes, leprosy, leukemia, lupus, skin cancer, syphilis an­­d
whooping cough.

The company was also ordered to pay AUS$9000 in costs and to­­
provide
refunds
[9].

In 2001, the FTC obtained consent agreements with two compan­­ies:

* Robert C. Spencer and Lisa M. Spencer, doing business ­as ­Aaron
Company
(Palm Bay, Florida). Colloidal silver has been medically pro­­ven to
kill over
650 disease-causing organisms in the body and is effective i­­n
curing
diseases
ranging from cancer and multiple sclerosis to HIV/AIDS [10].
* ForMor, Inc., doing business as ForMor International, ­and­ its
president,
Stan Gross (Birmingham, Alabama) agreed not to make unsubsta­­ntiated

claims that
colloidal silver is effective in treating over 650 infectiou­­s
diseases, has no
adverse side effects, and is effective against arthritis, bl­­ood
poisoning,
cancer, cholera, diphtheria, diabetes, dysentery, gonorrhea,­­
herpes,
influenza,
leprosy, lupus, malaria, meningitis, rheumatism, shingles, s­­taph
infections,
strep infections, syphilis, tuberculosis, whooping cough, an­­d yeast

infections
[10].

In 2002, the FTC obtained a consent agreement with Kris Plet­­schke,
doing
business as Raw Health, agreed to stop making unsubstantiate­­d
claims
that its
colloidal silver product could treat or cure 650 different
d­­iseases;
eliminate
all pathogens in the human body in six minutes or less; and ­­is
medically proven
to kill every destructive bacterial, viral, and fungal organ­­ism in
the body,
including anthrax, Ebola, Hanta, and flesh-eating bacteria [­­12].

In 2002, the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration ame­­nded
its
rules so
that water-treatment products containing substances like col­­loidal
silver for
which therapeutic claims are made must meet the requirements­­ of
medicines
included in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods. Th­­is
means
that such
products can no longer be legally marketed without proof tha­­t they
are safe and
effective for their intended purpose. The amendment was base­­d on
clnclusions
that:

* There is little evidence to support therapeutic claims­ ma­de for
colloidal
silver products;
* The risk to consumers of silver toxicity outweighs the­ va­lue of
trying an
unsubstantiated treatment, and bacterial resistance to silve­­r can
occur
* Efforts should be made to curb the illegal availabilit­y o­f
colloidal
silver products, which is a significant public health issue ­­[11] .



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