Pachner 2003: Infection ***and*** inflammation
- From: "CaliforniaLyme" <CaliforniaLyme@xxxxxx>
- Date: 6 Jun 2005 08:09:11 -0700
1: Infect Immun. 2003 Dec;71(12):7087-98. Related Articles, Links
Infection and inflammation in skeletal muscle from nonhuman primates
infected with different genospecies of the Lyme disease spirochete
Borrelia burgdorferi.
Cadavid D, Bai Y, Dail D, Hurd M, Narayan K, Hodzic E, Barthold SW,
Pachner AR.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New
Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
Cadavidi@xxxxxxxxx
Lyme borreliosis is a multisystemic disease caused by various
genospecies of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. To investigate
muscle involvement in the nonhuman primate (NHP) model of Lyme disease,
16 adult Macaca mulatta animals inoculated with strain N40 of B.
burgdorferi sensu strictu by syringe or by tick bite or with strain Pbi
of B. burgdorferi genospecies garinii by syringe were studied. Animals
were necropsied while immunosuppressed on day 50 (two animals each
inoculated with B. burgdorferi N40 by syringe and with B. garinii Pbi
by syringe) or on day 90, 40 days after immunosuppression had been
discontinued (four animals each inoculated with strain N40 by syringe,
with strain N40 by tick bite, and with strain Pbi by syringe). Skeletal
muscles removed at necropsy were studied by (i) microscopic examination
of hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections for inflammation and tissue
injury; (ii) immunohistochemical and digital image analyses for
antibody and complement deposition and cellular inflammation; (iii)
Western blot densitometry for the presence of antibodies; and (iv)
reverse transcription-PCR for measurement of the spirochetal load or
C1q (the first component of the complement cascade) synthesis. The
results showed that N40 was more infectious for NHPs than Pbi. NHPs
inoculated with N40 but not with Pbi developed myositis. The
inflammation in skeletal muscle was more severe in NHPs inoculated with
N40 by syringe than in those inoculated by tick bite. The predominant
cells in the inflammatory infiltrate were T cells and plasma cells. The
deposition of antibody and complement in inflamed muscles from
N40-inoculated NHPs was significantly higher than that in
Pbi-inoculated NHPs. The spirochetal load was very high in the two
N40-inoculated NHPs examined while they were immunosuppressed but
decreased to minimal levels in the NHPs when immunocompetence was
restored. We conclude that myositis can be a prominent feature of Lyme
borreliosis depending on the infecting organism and host immune status.
PMID: 14638799 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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