Hu the pathetic bootlicker continues to kiss allen's ass even though allen is now irrelevant and has been proven to be a gigantic liar and idiot

1: Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Oct;54(10):3319-29.Click here to read Links
Role of aggrecanase 1 in Lyme arthritis.

* Behera AK,
* Hildebrand E,
* Szafranski J,
* Hung HH,
* Grodzinsky AJ,
* Lafyatis R,
* Koch AE,
* Kalish R,
* Perides G,
* Steere AC,
* Hu LT.

Tupper Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

OBJECTIVE: Arthritis is one of the hallmarks of late-stage Lyme
disease. Previous studies have shown that infection with Borrelia
burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, results in
degradation of proteoglycans and collagen in cartilage. B burgdorferi
do not appear to produce any exported proteases capable of digesting
proteoglycans and collagen, but instead, induce and activate host
proteases, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which results in
cartilage degradation. The role of aggrecanases in Lyme arthritis has
not yet been determined. We therefore sought to delineate the
contribution of aggrecanases to joint destruction in Lyme arthritis.
METHODS: We examined the expression patterns of aggrecanases 1 and 2
(ADAMTS 4 and 5, respectively) in B burgdorferi-infected primary human
chondrocyte cell cultures, in synovial fluid samples from patients with
active Lyme arthritis, and in the joints of mice by real-time
quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and
immunoblotting techniques. Bovine cartilage explants were used to
determine the role of aggrecanases in B burgdorferi-induced cartilage
degradation. RESULTS: ADAMTS-4, but not ADAMTS-5, was induced in human
chondrocytes infected with B burgdorferi. The active forms of ADAMTS-4
were increased in synovial fluid samples from patients with active Lyme
arthritis and were elevated in the joints of mice infected with B
burgdorferi. Using cartilage explant models of Lyme arthritis, it
appeared that the cleavage of aggrecan was predominantly mediated by
"aggrecanases" rather than MMPs. CONCLUSION: The induction of ADAMTS-4
by B burgdorferi results in the cleavage of aggrecan, which may be an
important first step that leads to permanent degradation of cartilage.

.

Relevant Pages