Re: Proven benefit from Grains that is not available from fiber in fruits or vegetables
- From: "TC" <tunderbar@xxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: 18 Feb 2006 18:48:24 -0800
more interesting reading:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=15531663&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum
Dietary fats, carbohydrate, and progression of coronary atherosclerosis
in postmenopausal women.
Mozaffarian D, Rimm EB, Herrington DM.
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's
Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health,
Boston, Massachusetts, USA. dmozaffa@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
BACKGROUND: The influence of diet on atherosclerotic progression is not
well established, particularly in postmenopausal women, in whom risk
factors for progression may differ from those for men. OBJECTIVE: The
objective was to investigate associations between dietary
macronutrients and progression of coronary atherosclerosis among
postmenopausal women. DESIGN: Quantitative coronary angiography was
performed at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 3.1 y in 2243
coronary segments in 235 postmenopausal women with established coronary
heart disease. Usual dietary intake was assessed at baseline. RESULTS:
The mean (+/-SD) total fat intake was 25 +/- 6% of energy. In
multivariate analyses, a higher saturated fat intake was associated
with a smaller decline in mean minimal coronary diameter (P = 0.001)
and less progression of coronary stenosis (P = 0.002) during follow-up.
Compared with a 0.22-mm decline in the lowest quartile of intake, there
was a 0.10-mm decline in the second quartile (P = 0.002), a 0.07-mm
decline in the third quartile (P = 0.002), and no decline in the fourth
quartile (P < 0.001); P for trend = 0.001. This inverse association was
more pronounced among women with lower monounsaturated fat (P for
interaction = 0.04) and higher carbohydrate (P for interaction = 0.004)
intakes and possibly lower total fat intake (P for interaction = 0.09).
Carbohydrate intake was positively associated with atherosclerotic
progression (P = 0.001), particularly when the glycemic index was high.
Polyunsaturated fat intake was positively associated with progression
when replacing other fats (P = 0.04) but not when replacing
carbohydrate or protein. Monounsaturated and total fat intakes were not
associated with progression. CONCLUSIONS: In postmenopausal women with
relatively low total fat intake, a greater saturated fat intake is
associated with less progression of coronary atherosclerosis, whereas
carbohydrate intake is associated with a greater progression.
*********
By the same author.
TC
.
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