A Snapshot of a Photon

From: Einsteinhoax (einsteinhoax_at_isp.com)
Date: 03/14/05 

Date: Mon, 14 Mar 2005 17:10:08 -0500

A Snapshot of a Photon

     The photon has been viewed as a somewhat mysterious entity which
sometimes has the properties of a particle and sometimes has the properties
oaf a wave. It would seem interesting to see, therefore, whether we can
determine what a photon would look like if we had a "godlike" ability to
"see" it without the restrictions imposed by our limits of observation.

     Since the photon is electromagnetic in nature, perhaps the best place
to start is by examining the nature of an electromagnetic wave emitted by a
dipole, such as the antenna of a radio transmitter. There is no question
that this radiation consists of crossed electric and magnetic fields having
a 90 degree phase relationship to each other. These fields are readily
observed and allow us to use them for communication over distance. (See
http://members.isp.com/einsteinhoax@isp.com/einsteinhoax/cf131.gif ). We
also know by observation that this wave is actually composed of discrete
"lumps" of energy called photons because it is noisy. The noise energy of
the wave varies in proportion to the square root of its total energy. As a
result, the signal (energy in the wave) to noise (energy in the wave
components) ratio of the wave itself varies inversely with the square root
of the waves strength. The effect is well described in handbooks on
electromagnetic communication and seems beyond challenge.

     If we attenuate the wave sufficiently, it becomes a parade of the
individual particles (photons) appearing as separate entities which may be
detected separately. The question to be answered is what the nature of these
particles must be so that in the aggregate they can form a smooth continuous
wave. To meet this requirement, the photons in the wave must be coherent.
This means that they must have the same polarization and be appropriately
phased so that they can add properly. (In lasers this coherency is defined
as the distance of millions of cycles over which the phase and polarization
match is maintained.)

     The question to be answered is what form does the photon have to be in
order to be capable of combining with other wavelets to form the coherent
wave. The answer is probably provided by the "Impulse Function", 1/(e*x^2).
Multiplying the continuous wave by this function provides, for the photons
which compose the wave. a shape shown by
http://members.isp.com/einsteinhoax@isp.com/einsteinhoax/cf133.gif. One only
need to imagine the electric and magnetic components of this construction
propagating along its axis at the velocity of light to envision what a
photon "looks like".

     When one combines this shape with the quantum coupling between photons
which has been demonstrated by the work of Quantum Physicists, one finds
that he describes the kind of entity that has the dual wave an particle
properties we associate with a photon. The only question left is why the
nature of the photon is considered to be mysterious.

The Source of Gravitational Energy

     When one applies the correct relativistic transformations to the
gravitational field, the source of gravitational energy becomes apparent.
Unfortunately, due to a sophomoric error in the derivation of General
Relativity, it has become accepted that the relativistic transformations for
gravity are:

     Force = 1
     Length = 1
     Time = 1/(1+$)

Where "1/(1+$)" is the time transformation as provided by General Relativity
(GTR).

     Unfortunately, the error in its generation made the mathematics
impossible of solution within the constraints of three dimensional Euclidian
Geometry and it took 18 months for a solution to be obtained. (The 18 months
were not used up in solving the matrix equation, as current writings would
have you believe, they represented the length of time it took for Dr.
Einstein to adapt the geometry of Riemann (which is based upon the faulty
description of a straight line implicit in all current geometries but which
does not effect Euclidean Geometry). In applying Riemannian Geometry , Dr.
Einstein added the fiction of curved space and added the spurious degree of
freedom needed to solve his equations. This approach was accepted by a
conference on the subject with the statement "why shouldn't we consider
space to be curved, no one can prove it isn't. (Actually the proof is quite
simple and is provided in
http:/members.isp.com/einsteinhoax@isp.com/einsteinhoax/gravity.htm). The
acceptance of curved space required a term for the curvature as a function
of the gravitational field. Surprise surprise, that curvature term turned
out to be equal to the term for time.

     When one applies the legitimate rules of measurement (as would be
required in any of the more mundane fields of Science) and accepted and
easily verified physical laws to the study of the gravitational field, one
finds it possible to rigorously devise a different set of gravitational
transformations which do not require space to be curved:

     Force = 1
     Length = 1/(1-$)
     Time = (1-$)

(The term "$" is identical with the equivalent term in General
Relativity).Testing these transformations against observation reveals that
they yield the same conclusions within the Solar Field and in comparison
with observations of massive and/or dense stars as does GTR to an accuracy
well beyond experimental capabilities. There is one important difference,
however. They reveal that the end result of gravitational collapse is not a
singularity but is a stable object the size of its horizon radius. THEY ALSO
REVEAL THE SOURCE OF GRAVITATIONAL ENERGY.

     In an F(orce)-L(ength)-T(ime) system of units, the dimensional content
of energy is F*L. Since the gravitational transformation for length is
unity, this means that the gravitational transformation for energy is equal
to the gravitational transformation for Length and is therefore equal to
1/(1-$). If we accept that the Principle of Relativity applies, the locally
measured mass equivalent energy of an object must remain unchanged as it
moves to a different elevation reference frame. In order to meet this
requirement, the move to a different elevation in the field the object must
gain or lose energy in terms of the units of measurement for energy existing
at its original location. To do this, a force must result as it moves. The
product of this force and the distance of fall is the energy of fall.

     If we apply this process to an object falling from a quasi-infinite
distance to the event horizon, we find that, in terms of the units of
measurement existing at the quasi-infinite radius, the gravitational
transformation for energy requires shows that the object converts all of its
rest mass equivalent energy to kinetic energy. When it reaches the event
horizon and its velocity equals the velocity of light, the original rest
mass equivalent energy has become zero because it has been converted to
kinetic energy (all as measured with the units of measurement existing at
the quasi-infinite radius). In terms of the units of measurement existing at
the event horizon however, the rest mass equivalent energy of the object is
unchanged and the kinetic energy is infinite.

     Since Relativity is all about observations made in systems where the
size of the units of measurement are affected by the elevation and/or
velocity, Dimensional Analysis is required to deal rationally with the
process. Despite this, I have received an E-mail from an individual who
strongly asserted that Dimensional Analysis is of no benefit in the study of
velocity and gravitational effect. The frightening thing in this E-mail is
that the sender is probably an academic busily damaging the minds of his
students.

     The source material for this posting may be found in "Gravity" (1987),
"The Einstein Hoax" (1997), and "Corrections to Residual Errors in Special
Relativity (1999) located at
http://members.isp.com/einsteinhoax@isp.com/einsteinhoax/site.htm .
EVERYTHING WHICH WE ACCEPT AS TRUE MUST BE CONSISTENT WITH EVERYTHING ELSE
WE HAVE ACCEPTED AS TRUE, IT MUST BE CONSISTENT WITH ALL OBSERVATIONS, AND
IT MUST BE MATHEMATICALLY VIABLE. PRESENT TEACHINGS DO NOT ALWAYS MEET THIS
REQUIREMENT. THE WORLD IS ENTITLED TO A HIGHER STANDARD OF WORKMANSHIP FROM
THOSE IT HAS GRANTED WORLD CLASS STATUS.

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