Re: Science and philosophy
From: Franco (englishenglish_at_tin.it)
Date: 07/12/04
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Date: Mon, 12 Jul 2004 11:09:40 GMT
Raan ha scritto nel messaggio ...
Philosophy is recognized
>as a discipline by Universities world wide and the word philosophy is
>defined in the dictionary besides.
At university they teach "history" of philosophy(plato, aristotle, kant and
so on).
You are confusing "history" of philosophy with "philosophy".
Philosophy nowadays is SCIENCE. Philosophy is a mere reasoning. Science use
observation, experiment, mathematics and so on.
If you are glad, I can tell you that our philosophy nowadays is SCIENCE.
But that is a different philosophy, because scientists use a different
method.
Newton was not a physicist but he was occupied in "natural philosophy".
See the title of his Principia....
But nowadays nobody call Newton's physics "philosophy".
That is because we have understood that the method is changed.
Is philosophy is a discipline, religion is a discipline too.
We have philosophiES, manifold philosophies, manifold thoughts, opinions.
We have not a discipline called "philosophy", we have "history" of
philosophy at universtity.
We have as well a sort of history of physics at university when you begin
studying classical mechanics(Newton, Euler, Lagrange, Hamilton), Maxwell and
so on.
Relativity and so on.
But that physics WORKS nowadays. And that history is good nowadays.
Besides, physics have an object, "nature". Philosophy no.
Philosophy means "loving knowledge". And as I said, nowadays scientists love
knowledge, and that knowledge is the best that we have.
Philosophy as a discipline can't exist at all. It includes too much
branches.
Now, please, follow me:
Philosophy includes: mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, psychology,
politics, art and so on.
Science includes: mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, psychology, and
so on.
We recognize that science has got a METHOD. Nobody wouldn't dream to say
that science is a discpline!!
Science is a method used by manifold disciplines, matters.
Professional philosophers(they study history of occidental culture) wouldn't
dream to say that philsophy is a discpline.
Philosophy like science, inlcuded a lot of disciplines.
When in XVI century(1500) they understood that a new method(they learned
from Greek mathematicians, astronomy and so on) was possible to investigate
the nature, most of philosophers (Descartes etc.) began to study nature
using mathematics.
That is the very famous Scientific Revolution.
In XIX(1800) century, science was very important (see biology too).
But psychology was still studied in a general way(see Kant).
As you know, we have two kind of sciences. Natural sciences, and human
sciences.
The former study nature, the latter study me, you, and so on:) People:)
During XIX century we had philosophy(theology, psychology, cosmology) and
sciences of nature.
When the scientific method was used in studying humans, we had a scientific
psychology, sociology(using statistics) and so on.
Philosophy was the name that were used to incorporate(like science) every
kind of study, every discipline.
You can see, that nowadays they call everithing "science". Science of
politics, science of economics, and so on.
That is because of the method.
Science of nature, was called "natural philosophy".
They changed the name because we have a different method.
Observation, experiment, mathematics and so on.
Philosophy was a manifold of disciplines. Science IS a manifold of
disciplines.
Philosophy is NOT a discipline. Science is NOT a discipline.
Philosophy was a method, the method of reasoning. Before philosophy old
Greek had Mythology, religion, poetry, legend!!
Everybody that has studied our occidental culture from old Greece till today
knows these things.
After mythology they discovered "reason" (see Plato: he still used some
mythes).
In (1500) they discovered mathematics that you can use to understand nature.
Experiments and so on.
So, we use reason and mathematics, and observation, and experiment.
Even in psychology: neuroscience, medicine.
That is because we have a different term to name our knowledge. That term is
"science". And science means "knowledge".
"Science" is a Latin word. "Scientia". And "Scientia" derives from "sciens
scientis": present participle of "scire".
I repeat: "sciens scientis" is the present participle of "SCIRE".
"Scire" means TO KNOW.
After all I've written some historical references that can help somebody
here:))
Bye bye
Franco
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