Frank Wilczek on Cosmic Superconductivity & Russian Torsion WMD
From: Jack Sarfatti (sarfatti_at_pacbell.net)
Date: 01/29/05
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Date: Sat, 29 Jan 2005 02:03:59 GMT
"In fact, as I will elaborate below, we vehemently suspect that the
world is a multilayered, multicoloured, cosmic superconductor." Frank
Wilczek (Nobel Prize, 2004)
My macro-quantum theory for the emergence of Einstein's gravity with
dark energy is a form of what Wilczek below calls "cosmic
superconductivity" not only for electro-weak SU(2) but also for
electromagnetic U(1) where real electron pairs of total charge 2e are
replaced by virtual electron-positron pairs of total charge 0.
Note also:
Antigravity has feet of clay
26 January 2005
Nature on NASA BPP (more on that another day)
Dark haloes pepper the Universe
26 January 2005
This one also important. It agrees with my theory that the dark halos
are exotic vacuum regions /\zpf =/= 0 with positive quantum pressure (w
= -1 that at a distance mimics w = 0 CDM).
REVIEW ARTICLES
Nature
Published online: 19 January 2005; | doi:10.1038/nature03281
In search of symmetry lost
Frank Wilczek The Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
"Powerful symmetry principles have guided physicists in their quest for
nature's fundamental laws. The successful gauge theory of electroweak
interactions postulates a more extensive symmetry for its equations than
are manifest in the world. The discrepancy is ascribed to a pervasive
symmetry-breaking field, which fills all space uniformly, rendering the
Universe a sort of exotic superconductor. So far, the evidence for these
bold ideas is indirect. But soon the theory will undergo a critical test
depending on whether the quanta of this symmetry-breaking field, the
so-called Higgs particles, are produced at the Large Hadron Collider
(due to begin operation in 2007)."
Note my macro-quantum vacuum theory is a limiting case of what Wilczek
is saying.
"It has been almost four decades since our current, wonderfully
successful theory of the electroweak interaction was formulated1, 2, 3,
4. Central to that theory is the concept of spontaneously broken gauge
symmetry 5, 6. According to this concept, the fundamental equations of
physics have more symmetry than the actual physical world does. Although
its specific use in electroweak theory involves exotic hypothetical
substances and some sophisticated mathematics, the underlying theme of
broken symmetry is quite old."
In my theory this exotic substance, at least in the large-scale is
mostly virtual electron-positron condensate.
"It goes back at least to the dawn of modern physics, when Newton
postulated that the basic laws of mechanics exhibit full symmetry in
three dimensions of space — despite the fact that everyday experience
clearly distinguishes 'up and down' from 'sideways' directions in our
local environment. Newton, of course, traced this asymmetry to the
influence of Earth's gravity. In the framework of electroweak theory,
modern physicists similarly postulate that the physical world is
described by a solution wherein all space, throughout the currently
observed Universe, is permeated by one or more (quantum) fields that
spoil the full symmetry of the primary equations. Thus, modern
physicists hypothesize that what we perceive as empty space is actually
a highly structured medium. In fact, as I will elaborate below, we
vehemently suspect that the world is a multilayered, multicoloured,
cosmic superconductor.
Fortunately this hypothesis, which might at first hearing sound quite
extravagant, has testable implications. The symmetry-breaking fields,
when suitably excited, must bring forth characteristic particles: their
quanta. Using the most economical implementation of the required
symmetry breaking, one predicts the existence of a remarkable new
particle, the so-called Higgs particle. More ambitious speculations
suggest that there should be not just a single Higgs particle, but
rather a complex of related particles. The very popular and attractive
idea of low-energy supersymmetry 7, 8, to be discussed further below,
requires at least five 'Higgs particles'.
The primary goal of fundamental physics is to discover profound concepts
that illuminate our understanding of nature. Discovering new particles,
as such, is secondary. In recent times, however, physicists have often
found that their most profound concepts, when implemented with rigorous
logic, are reflected in the existence of new particles. This happens
because both quantum mechanics and special relativity are important in
the regime of short distances and high energies, where high-energy
physics explores fundamental laws."
I am going further than Frank here suggesting that Einstein's general
relativity GR in the form of the exotic vacuum field equation
Guv + /\zpfguv = 0
where the dark energy (matter) energy density is
(c^4/8piG)/\zpf = (String Tension)(DeSitter Curvature)
plays a major role on the small-scale where the constant large-scale
DeSitter Curvature generalizes to a local scalar field.
Bu = Bu^aPa/h = Lp^2(Macro-Quantum Vacuum World Hologram Goldstone Phase),u
eu^a = (Kronecker Delta)u^a + Bu^a
guv(LNIF) = nuv(Minkowski) + (1/2)[Bu,v + Bv,u] dimensionless
Lp^2 = hG/c^3 = quantum of area of World Hologram
eu^a = Cartan tetrad (dimensionless)
Bu = gauge potential compensating field from locally gauging the
translation group T4
(dimension of length)
{Pa} = "Mom-energy" Lie algebra of T4
The Ricci rotation coefficients (spin-connection) Au^ab are not
independent dynamical fields in this torsion-free plain vanilla 1916
Einstein GR emergence theory.
The covariant derivative on spinors is
Psi;u = Psi,u + Au^abSabPsi
{Sab} is Lie algebra of Lorentz group O(1,3), which when locally gauged
gives Gennady Shipov's torsion field theory that Akimov in Moscow says
has practical WMD potential.
"It is difficult to combine quantum mechanics and special relativity in
a consistent way. The only way we know how to do it is by using quantum
field theory, and the basic objects of quantum field theory are
space-filling entities (quantum fields) whose excitations are what we
perceive, concretely, as particles 9, 10. So, when our concepts are
made consistent with quantum mechanics and relativity, they tend to be
reflected rather directly in predictions about particles.
The W and Z bosons, carriers of the weak nuclear force, and gluons,
carriers of the strong nuclear force, are outstanding examples of ideas
embodied as particles. These so-called gauge particles are physical
embodiments of the symmetry of physical law (gauge invariance) 11, 12,
13 — not merely metaphorically but in a very precise sense. Indeed, as a
fact of history, the existence of these particles and their detailed
behaviour was predicted before their experimental observation, starting
from the concept of gauge symmetry."
These forces are mediated by virtual quanta off-mass-shell, which means
that they can have any energy E and any momentum p not constrained by E
= Mc^2 in the form
E^2 = (pc)^2 + (mc^2)^2
m =/= M
m = rest mass
M = total mass
GR strong equivalence principle is
M(inertial) = M(gravitational)
"Harmony between mind and matter, in the form of mathematical
abstractions conjuring up sensuous reality, has long figured in the
dreams of mystics and the inspiration of visionaries — the 'music of the
spheres'. Here it is realized in a form that is genuine, reproducible
and precise.
Now we are faced with the opportunity for another synthesis. Ironically,
the concept whose embodiment we now seek is a special, structured sort
of symmetry breaking."
P.W. Anderson calls this "More is different" for the vacuum of virtual
quanta and the ground states of real quanta. This is a general theory
for the emergence of all complex systems.
"This concept is a necessary complement to what has come before; for our
symmetry-based understanding of the W and Z bosons — that is, of the
electroweak interaction — relies on postulating symmetries that are
broken in a very specific way. They are supposed to be spoiled by a form
of cosmic superconductivity, with newly hypothesized fields having the
role performed by electrons in ordinary superconductors. It is these new
quantum fields that are the progenitors of Higgs particles.
So far, no Higgs particle has been observed. As yet, this failure does
not represent a crisis. Detection of Higgs particles that are
sufficiently heavy — specifically, those whose mass exceeds 114 GeV,
which is the current lower bound 14 — will have to await more powerful
accelerators than are now available. But theory tells us that this
evasion cannot be maintained indefinitely. If the Higgs particle, or an
appropriate complex of Higgs particles, does not turn up at the Large
Hadron Collider (LHC), a major revision of our thinking will be
required. The LHC is now under construction at CERN (European Centre for
Particle Physics) near Geneva. It is due to begin operation in late 2007.
There are already indirect but significant indications that at least one
Higgs particle with a mass below 250 GeV does exist 15. If there is such
a particle, it will certainly be observed at the LHC. That observation,
if and when it occurs, will bring a glorious chapter in physics to a
glorious conclusion. It will also provide a key to unlock new volumes
that are currently sealed; for the circle of ideas around symmetry
breaking and the Higgs particle includes, quite close to its elegant
central core, some of the darkest and most forbidding zones of ignorance
in the existing landscape of fundamental physics. That is exciting
because it means we will have an opportunity to learn. Big ideas and
speculations about the unification of forces, and the cosmology of the
early Universe, as well as supersymmetry, are very much in play. Thus
the Higgs sector is not only a destination, but also a portal.
There is a vast technical literature on most of the topics discussed
here 16, 17 and quite a few popular and semipopular presentations. My
goal here is to present a brief but substantial and critical review of
the main concepts and prospects that is accessible to scientifically
sophisticated non-experts, yet reflects the essence of present-day
thinking."
Go to Nature On Line for the complete article.
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