Instantaneous Action at a Distance



Almost all physicists hold to the view that for any isolated pair of
particles, a and b which have masses, Ma < Mb, interacting elastically:

 Information has to continually travel (at speeds not exceeding c)
from one to the other
 The only acceptable classical interaction models are retarded field
models
 The only case in which an interaction potential that is a function
only of the instantaneous distance, R = R(t) = Xa(t) – Xb(t), between
the two can be relied on is that in which the ratio Ma/Mb is so small
that without detectable error we can assume that b is stationary in the
centre of mass reference frame.

Any classical retarded field model of such a system that is accepted by
physicists is explicitly deterministic. Given a complete history of
the motions of the particles for t < 0 it can, at least in principle,
predict to any desired accuracy their positions and momenta as
functions of t for any t > 0. These predictions include R = R(t) and,
provided R is not a constant of the motion, t = t(R). We can thus
transform all the equations of any retarded field model into a set in
which the only independent variable is R. That is we transform the
model into an instantaneous action at a distance model.

Is there any way of reconciling this result with the physical
impossibility of instantaneous transfer of information over arbitrarily
large distances? The only way that I can see is to assume that every
particle in the universe has enough (artificial) intelligence, memory
and computing power to deduce from the information it does receive at
some finite speed from any other particle the value of R(t) for the
pair at time, t.

Phil Gardner

.



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