Re: Electron conduction in copper in simple series battery circuit


<Morgoth1988@xxxxxxxxx> wrote in message
news:b697e076-5449-4172-972e-9e804f68f874@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
|I think I have a handle on most of the details.
|
| 1. When the battery is disconnected, it produces electrons on the
| terminal until an equilibrium is reached where the electric field
| caused by the accumulated generated e- is enough to prevent further e-
| from being released from molecular orbit of the reaction molecules.
|
| 2. When the battery is initially connected, the static electric field
| of the battery terminal's accumulated electrons is sufficient to push
| the valence electrons of the first Cu atoms in the wire out of orbit,
| creating positive ions. These e- are then free to interact with other
| Cu atoms, creating a negatively charged Cu ion.
|
| 3. The positively charge Cu ions pull electrons from the battery
| terminal to replace the ones they just lost to the conduction band.
|
| 4. The battery's chemical reaction is now allowed to proceed to
| produce additional electrons until the equilibrium described in #1 is
| reestablished.
|
| My question is, what replaces the force generated by the electric
| field at the battery terminal that ionizes the inital Cu atoms further
| down the wire? Is the force generated by the difference in electric
| charge between a Cu negative ion and a neutral Cu atom sufficient to
| push a neighboring neutral Cu atoms valence electrons into the
| conduction band? If that is the case, once the "lagging" atoms refill
| their valence shell, they are again neutral. That means that the
| negative Cu ion has a neutral Cu atom to its left and to its right. It
| would seem that it is just as likely to move backwards as forwards.

If the atom is neutral the electron isn't compelled to go anywhere, so yes.


| That would seem to indicate that there is another force at work to
| break the deadlock and nudge the e- forward.

Right.

(The magnetic field
| generated by current?)

Only a CHANGING magnetic field will apply a force.

| Is my confusion based on my simplification of the system to a linear,
| 2 dimensional model ,race conditions around when the lagging positive
| ion goes neutral versus when the negative ion drives out the next
| neutral Cu atom's valence e-? Perhaps my assumption about modeling the
| wire as a series of individual atoms rather than as an interconnected
| crystal structure? I read that this would create a practically
| continuous set of "energy bands" In a single atom, an electron
| existing in a particular orbit has a particular energy, that energy
| being determined by it's distance from the nucleus, and the 3
| dimensional manifistation of "same distance" is a sphere. Although the
| simplest atomic model shows us the e- "orbiting" the nucleus, does the
| "same energy" actually mean the e- has an equal chance of being
| anywhere within the sphere at any point in time? If that is the case,
| then does that transfer to the "energy band" crystal model to mean
| that any e- released into the conduction band of any Cu atom in the
| crystal has an equal chance to be in any physical location at the same
| energy level outside the crystal so we don't have to physically
| account for "movement" from the classical perspective for an e- to get
| from point A to point B as long as they are connected by a continuous,
| common energy band.?
|

Perhaps the "hole" model might suit you better.
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/MovingHole.gif
The hole moves in the opposite direction to the electron.

--
Why did Einstein say
the speed of light from A to B is c-v,
the speed of light from B to A is c+v,
the "time" each way is the same?

Androcles

http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/



.

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