Re: Imperfections of classical thermodynamics

Look at two-way mirror - transparent from one side, reflective from
the second ... isn't that Maxwell's demon for photons?
Ok - it's not perfect - it absorbs some photons increasing own heat
and emits thermal photons - so it can stay in thermal equilibrium with
environment.

Let's take a container for photons (covered with mirrors), now place
two-way mirror in thermal equilibrium with photon gas inside, dividing
container into two parts.
The density of photons on the reflective side will be larger than on
the second - it reduced entropy.

-------
I thought about equilibrating photon gas in a containment - I have to
admit that even without interactions, they should equilibrate their
temperature, create random movement - because even perfect containment
has degrees of freedom of own movement - photons interact with each
other using these degrees while colliding with mirror walls,
equilibrating their energies.

But still photons are much easier to order than molecules, for example
place hot body in focus point of parabolic reflector and You will
change it's heat into kinetic energy of mirror and ordered stream of
photons.

-------
You want to explain everything to somehow defend 2nd law?
But answer me ... and especially yourself, why are You completely sure
of it?

I agree that we usually don't observe entropy reduction, but maybe
it's because such or examples counterexamples I've presented would
have extremely low efficiency, so they are usually just imperceptible,
shadowed by general entropy increase... ?

2nd law is statistical mathematical property of model with assumed
physics
But it was proven for extremely simplified models!
And still for simplified models was used approximation - while
introducing functions like pressure, temperature we automatically
forget about microscopic correlations - it's mean field approximation.
Why You deny that processes below this scale could effect entropy
reduction?

For example thermodynamics assumes that energy quickly equilibrate
with environment ... but we have eg.ATP, which stores own energy to be
converted into work...

Why are You so sure that for large class of physics we are
considering, there always exists universal always increasing entropy?
.

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